Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41834342›Full record

ArticleAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)2026

Efficacy and Safety Assessment of 5-Fluorouracil, Irinotecan and Oxaliplatin-Loaded Implants in Mouse and Pig Models for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.

Samantha J Wade, Ashna A Kumar, Samuel O Nitschke, Paul Joyce, Elahe Minaei, Stephanie E Reuter, Chelsea Penney, Holly Warren, Ruby Shepherd, Jeremy N Dinoro and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Samantha J WadeSchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Ashna A KumarSchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Samuel O NitschkeSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Paul JoyceSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Elahe MinaeiSchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Stephanie E ReuterSchool of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Chelsea PenneySchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Holly WarrenSchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Ruby ShepherdSchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Jeremy N DinoroIntelligent Polymer Research Institute and Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Gordon G WallaceIntelligent Polymer Research Institute and Australian National Fabrication Facility - Materials Node, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Anthony DossetoWollongong Isotope Geochronology Laboratory, Environmental Futures, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
Sameera AnsarSouthern IML Pathology, Sonic Healthcare, Coniston, NSW, Australia.
Naila IslamSouthern IML Pathology, Sonic Healthcare, Coniston, NSW, Australia.
Alistair LochheadSouthern IML Pathology, Sonic Healthcare, Coniston, NSW, Australia.
George SharbeenSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Phoebe A PhillipsSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Morteza AghmeshehNelune Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Bright Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Wayne J HawthorneFaculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Kara L Vine-PerrowSchool of Science, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-1149

Funding

Cancer Institute NSW 2020/CDF1093Pancare Foundation (administered by Cancer Australia) APP1165978Sydney Partnership for Health, Education, Research and Enterprise 2021/CBG0003Tour de Cure RSP-292-2024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains highly resistant to treatment, with mortality rates largely unchanged despite advances in cancer therapies. For ∼80% of borderline, non-resectable, or metastatic cases, chemotherapy is predominantly palliative, underscoring the need for improved drug delivery approaches. This study presents the development, characterization and in vivo evaluation of a novel polymeric implant loaded with 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FIRINOX). Scanning electron microscopy of FIRINOX implants showed internal microstructure was preserved upon drug loading, while micro-CT and X-ray imaging revealed valuable insights into the morphology and degradation of implants retrieved from in vivo experiments. In murine PDAC models, dose-escalation identified 4 × FIRINOX implants as the maximum tolerated dose, while 2 × implants achieved significant therapeutic efficacy at lower doses than IV administration, without compromising animal safety. In healthy pigs, 20 × FIRINOX implants were well-tolerated, as confirmed by histopathology and blood analysis. Finally, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry imaging and microbiome analysis confirmed localized drug perfusion within tissues, and minimal off-target effects, including preservation of gut microbiota diversity. These findings support the potential of this implantable platform to improve outcomes in borderline or non-resectable PDAC and enhance tolerability of cytotoxic chemotherapy through localized, controlled delivery, addressing a key gap where current treatment options are limited.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsDrug CarriersFluorouracilIrinotecanOxaliplatinPancreatic NeoplasmsAnimalsCell Line, TumorDisease Models, AnimalDrug ImplantsFemaleMiceSwineAntineoplastic AgentsDrug CarriersDrug ImplantsFluorouracilIrinotecanOxaliplatinFOLFIRINOXimplantlocalized drug deliverypancreatic cancer

Identifiers

PMID41834342
PMCPMC13155272

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.