ReviewJournal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology2026
Early-Onset Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Emerging Biological Insights, Risk Factors and Clinical Implications.
Review in Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly-onset oral squamous cell carcinoma (EO-OSCC), commonly defined as occurring in individuals under 50 years of age, is increasingly recognized as a potentially distinct clinical subset with differences in exposure patterns and tumor biology compared with conventional oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Unlike typical OSCC, which is strongly associated with tobacco and alcohol, EO-OSCC more frequently affects never-smokers/never-drinkers, posing challenges for early recognition, risk stratification, and management.
objectiveThis review integrates evidence mapping with narrative synthesis to summarize current knowledge on EO-OSCC, focusing on epidemiology, emerging risk factors, molecular alterations, tumor microenvironment characteristics, and clinical implications.
methodsLiterature was searched across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to August 2025, complemented by global cancer databases (GLOBOCAN/Cancer Tomorrow) and international trial registries.
resultsAvailable data suggest distinct biological features, including relatively low tumor mutational burden, recurrent alterations in CDKN2A, TP53, NOTCH1, and EGFR, epigenetic dysregulation, and a checkpoint-dominant immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Alongside traditional carcinogens, modifiable determinants such as sugar-sweetened beverages, electronic cigarette use, and oral microbial dysbiosis have emerged as plausible contributors, although evidence remains heterogeneous. Despite frequently aggressive histopathologic features, younger patients may tolerate intensive multimodal therapies better and achieve favorable outcomes.
conclusionThese findings highlight the urgent need for age-specific prognostic tools, biomarker-guided therapies, and early detection protocols. International collaboration will be key to improving survival and long-term quality of life in this growing patient population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.