Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41832908›Full record

ArticleVirus genes2026

A genetically-distinct Pigeon Paramyxovirus-I isolate fails to cross-react with neutralizing antibodies raised by LaSota vaccine in chicken.

Irfan Gul, Muzamil Ahmad Rather, Amreena Hassan, Azmat Alam Khan, Nazir Ahmad Ganai, Akeel Bashir, Sharath Chandra Goud, Zulfuqarul Haq, Ashaq Hussain Mir, Shuyaib Ahmad Kamil and 3 more

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Article in Virus genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Irfan GulLaboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Muzamil Ahmad Rather *Laboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Amreena Hassan *Laboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Azmat Alam KhanDivision of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Nazir Ahmad GanaiLaboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Akeel BashirDivision of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Sharath Chandra GoudDivision of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Zulfuqarul HaqDivision of Livestock Production and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Ashaq Hussain MirLaboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Shuyaib Ahmad KamilDivision of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Basharat Maqbool WaniLaboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Naveed Anjum ChikanDivision of Computational Biology, Daskdan Innovations PVT Ltd., Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
Nadeem ShabirLaboratory of Vaccine Biotechnology, Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry Shuhama, Sher-E- Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India. nadeem.shabir@skuastkashmir.ac.in.

Funding

Govt of Jammu and Kashmir under Holistic Agriculture Development Project HADP-25Indian Council of Medical Research IIRP-7478
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pigeon paramyxovirus-1 (PPMV-1) is a major cause of mortality in domestic and free-living pigeons worldwide and has the potential to infect chickens, posing risks to the poultry sector. This study investigated a severe outbreak of PPMV-1 in a racing pigeon loft in Srinagar, India, despite routine vaccination with the LaSota strain. Molecular screening of 30 clinical samples identified NDV in 18 birds by real-time qPCR targeting the matrix gene. Histopathology revealed characteristic viscerotropic lesions, including epithelial necrosis and congestion in the proventriculus and duodenum, sinusoidal dilation in the liver, and lymphoid depletion in the spleen, consistent with pathogenic NDV infection. Whole genome sequencing of one of the isolates FVSC-S64 showed a virulent multi-basic cleavage site motif (113-KRQKRF-117) and classified the strain as genotype XXI.1.2. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated close clustering with pigeon-derived isolates from Pakistan and Eastern Europe, while showing marked genetic divergence from Class I and other Class II strains. Comparative analysis revealed extensive amino acid substitutions within major antigenic regions of the fusion protein, including L69M (A1-A3) and Y337H, T341S, and R349K (A5), along with substitutions in antigenic regions of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein, notably D349S and G494D. Virus neutralization testing showed that sera from LaSota-vaccinated chicken developed strong homologous neutralizing responses but failed to neutralize the FVSC-S64 isolate, demonstrating a pronounced antigenic mismatch. Together, these molecular, pathological, and serological findings provide clear evidence of vaccine escape by an emergent genotype XXI.1.2 PPMV-1 strain and highlight the urgent need for genotype-matched vaccines to improve NDV control in pigeon populations.

Indexed as

Antibodies, NeutralizingAvulavirusColumbidaeNewcastle DiseaseNewcastle disease virusPoultry DiseasesViral VaccinesAnimalsAntibodies, ViralChickensCross ReactionsGenotypeIndiaPhylogenyWhole Genome SequencingAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralViral VaccinesHistopathologyNext-generation sequencingPhylogenyPigeon paramyxovirus-1Virus isolationVirus neutralization assay

Identifiers

PMID41832908

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.