ArticleJournal of translational medicine2026
Harnessing γδ T cells for B7-H3-targeting CAR therapy to enhance anti-tumor therapy in glioblastoma.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) remains largely incurable, in part because the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) poses a major barrier to conventional therapies, including to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. Compared with conventional αβ T cells, γδ T cells bridge innate and adaptive immunity, amplifying anti-tumor responses through cytokine secretion and cross-talk with other immune populations, so arming γδ T cells with a B7–H3-targeting CAR could combine their inherent tumor-homing and immunomodulatory capabilities with precise antigen-specific cytotoxicity for therapeutic synergy.
methodsCD276 (B7–H3) expression and prognostic relevance were analyzed using bulk and single-cell RNA-seq data from TCGA and CGGA cohorts. Human γδ T cells and conventional αβ T cells were expanded from healthy donor PBMCs and engineered with a second-generation B7–H3 CAR. CAR expression and phenotype were assessed by flow cytometry. Antitumor activity against B7–H3+ glioma cell lines (U87, U251) was evaluated using cytotoxicity and cytokine-release assays. Therapeutic efficacy was tested in NSG mice bearing glioma xenografts, with tumor growth, survival, tumor infiltration, apoptosis, and checkpoint expression assessed by immunofluorescence.
resultsB7–H3 CAR-γδ T cells exhibited superior antitumor functionality compared with B7–H3 CAR-αβ T cells in GBM models. In vitro, B7–H3 CAR-γδ T cells displayed enhanced, sustained cytotoxicity against GBM cell lines and secreted significantly higher levels of key effector cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α) than B7–H3 CAR-αβ T cells, indicating a polyfunctional and exhaustion-resistant phenotype. In GBM mouse models, a single dose of B7–H3 CAR-γδ T cells mediated robust tumor control and significantly prolonged survival. Mechanistic studies traced this superior efficacy to enhanced tumor infiltration and more potent induction of tumor cell apoptosis.
conclusionsB7–H3 CAR-γδ T cells therefore represent a promising new approach to GBM immunotherapy which, through ongoing platform optimization and clinical exploration, could offer new therapeutic hope to patients with glioma.
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