ArticleNPJ digital medicine2026
A multicenter multifunctional assessment of large language models in pure-tone audiogram interpretation for patients.
Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Audiologist-Guided Multimodal AI for Pure-Tone Audiometry and Tympanometry Interpretation and Reporting.Journal of medical systems · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
No LLMs (Large Language Models) have yet been evaluated for understanding picture reports. Pure-tone audiograms, the gold standard for hearing loss assessment, are technical and often incomprehensible to patients without specialist interpretation. We conducted a blinded, multicenter evaluation of eight LLMs across diagnostic, interpretive, and recommendation tasks using 140 audiogram reports, assessed by clinicians and lay reviewers. The study revealed that DeepSeek-V3 achieved the highest diagnostic accuracy (severity: 67.00% ; type: 54.00%), R1 proved most suitable for general readership (FKGL: 6.41). The general public perceived significant benefits from all models in comprehension and emotional support, with Gemini 2.0 Flash/Thinking scoring higher. Challenges remain in understanding pathological mechanisms and controlling hallucinations. While current general-purpose LLMs cannot replace the diagnostic capabilities of physicians, they may serve as effective auxiliary tools for translating specialized audiogram data into structured, patient-accessible interpretations, with particular relevance for populations facing limited access to hearing-care services.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.