ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2026
Location-Specific Predictors of Double Burden of Malnutrition among Nigerian Mother-Child Pairs: Re-evaluating Dietary Quality and Socioeconomic Factors.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe double burden of malnutrition (DBM), classified as the coexistence of maternal overweight/obesity or maternal undernutrition and child undernutrition or childhood overweight/obesity, within the same household, is an increasing concern in Nigeria. Drivers of DBM may differ by location due to urbanization, socioeconomic gradients, and dietary transitions.
objectivesThis study examined location-specific predictors of DBM among Nigerian mother-child pairs, with a focus on child dietary quality, maternal education, household food insecurity, and wealth index.
methodsA descriptive cross-sectional study using a stratified multistage sampling technique was conducted among 1295 mother-child pairs (children aged 6-23 mo) across 4 Nigerian cities. Child nutritional status was assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, and maternal body mass index was classified according to WHO adult cutoffs. Household food insecurity, dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency, and wealth index were measured using validated tools. Associations between predictors and DBM were examined using χ
resultsDBM prevalence was 37.4%, with the most frequent phenotype being overweight mothers and undernourished children (34%). Semiurban residence [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.11; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 2.30], food-secure households (AOR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.37), and not meeting the minimum meal frequency (AOR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.92) were associated with an increased risk of DBM.
conclusionsDBM among Nigerian mother-child pairs is shaped by dietary factors. Context-specific interventions are needed, with a focus on improving child diet quality in semiurban areas.
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