Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41831424›Full record

ArticleBreast (Edinburgh, Scotland)2026

Histopathological evaluation of local effects of radioactive iodine seeds in axillary lymph nodes in clinically node-positive breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant systemic therapy.

Florien J G van Amstel, Janine M Simons, Loes Kooreman, Melissa Lenaerts, Sander M J van Kuijk, Lars H P Murrer, Cornelis M de Mooij, Ernest J T Luiten, Carmen C van der Pol, Linetta B Koppert and 4 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02800317 (Primary Radioactive Iodine Seed Localisation in the Axilla in Axillary Node Positive Breast Cancer Combined With Sentinel Node Procedure), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02800317 nacompletednot on this map

Primary Radioactive Iodine Seed Localisation in the Axilla in Axillary Node Positive Breast Cancer Combined With Sentinel Node Procedure (RISAS) Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

TypeinterventionalSponsorErasmus Medical CenterRan2017 to 2021Enrolled248ConditionsBreast Neoplasm, Neoadjuvant Therapy, Axillary Lymph Nodes, Pathological Complete ResponseArmsRISAS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Florien J G van AmstelDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: florien.vanamstel@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
Janine M SimonsDepartment of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Loes KooremanGROW - Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Melissa LenaertsGROW - Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Sander M J van KuijkDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Lars H P MurrerDepartment of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Cornelis M de MooijDepartment of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Centre, The Hague, the Netherlands.
Ernest J T LuitenDepartment of Surgery, Amphia Hospital Breda, Breda, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates.
Carmen C van der PolDepartment of Surgical Oncology, Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, the Netherlands.
Linetta B KoppertDepartment of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Marjolein L SmidtGROW - Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Paul J van DiestDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Thiemo J A van NijnattenDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW - Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Dutch Expert Centre for Screening (LRCB), Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
REFINE Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn clinically node-positive (cN+) patients, radioactive iodine (

methodsThis retrospective study included cN+ patients from the Radioactive Iodine Seed placement in the Axilla with Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) (RISAS)-trial (NCT02800317). Non-MARI nodes comprised SLNB or completion axillary lymph node dissection nodes. An expert breast pathologist reviewed MARI and non-MARI nodes with residual disease for the presence of fibrosis, mucin pools, foamy histiocytes, capsular invasion, and residual disease (size). Differences were analysed using multilevel logistic regression. The effect of

results106 MARI and 326 non-MARI nodes were included from 127 patients. Fibrosis, foamy histiocytes, and macrometastases were significantly more frequent in MARI compared to non-MARI nodes, with ORs of 21.5 (95% CI: 9.51-57.12), 17.1 (95% CI: 3.53-82.44), and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.22-4.37). In MARI nodes,

conclusionsFibrosis, foamy histiocytes, and macrometastases were significantly more present in MARI compared to non-MARI nodes. Moreover,

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsIodine RadioisotopesLymph NodesAdultAgedAxillaFemaleHumansLymphatic MetastasisMiddle AgedNeoadjuvant TherapyRetrospective StudiesSentinel Lymph Node BiopsyIodine-125Iodine RadioisotopesBreast neoplasmsLymph nodesNeoadjuvant therapy

Identifiers

PMID41831424
PMCPMC13000488

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.