Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41830947›Full record

ArticleJACC. Asia2026

The Associations Between Heart Rate, Deformational Echocardiographic Parameters, and Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

Jo-Nan Liao, Ling Kuo, Chih-Min Liu, Chuan-Tsai Tsai, Yu-Shan Huang, Tze-Fan Chao, Chung-Lieh Hung

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in JACC. Asia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jo-Nan LiaoCardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ling KuoCardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chih-Min LiuCardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chuan-Tsai TsaiCardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yu-Shan HuangCardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Tze-Fan ChaoCardiovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: eyckeyck@gmail.com.
Chung-Lieh HungDepartment of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan. Electronic address: jotaro3791@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship among heart rates, cardiac function, and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unknown.

objectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association among heart rate, left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) strain, and clinical outcomes in AF.

methodsTwo-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed in 1,219 patients during AF. Clinical endpoints included ischemic stroke, heart failure (HF), all-cause mortality, and composite endpoint.

resultsThe mean follow-up duration was 3.3 ± 1.6 years. Patients were categorized into different heart rate groups, ranging from 40-59 to ≥120 beats/min. As heart rates increased, there was a stepwise decrease of peak atrial longitudinal systolic strain and LV strain. Compared with 60 to 69 beats/min, faster heart rates were associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke (adjusted HR [aHR]: 4.448 in ≥120 beats/min), HF (aHR: 1.909 in ≥120 beats/min), mortality (aHRs: 2.487, 2.810, 4.569, and 4.760 in 90-99, 100-109, 110-119, and ≥120 beats/min groups), and composite endpoint (aHRs: 2.034, 2.349, and 3.492 in 100-109, 110-119, and ≥120 beats/min groups, respectively) (all P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated distinct survival curves when patients were grouped based on different combinations of peak atrial longitudinal systolic strain, LV strain, and heart rate (long-rank P < 0.001).

conclusionsFaster heart rates were associated with worse LA/LV functions and increased clinical events independent from baseline risk profiles. Favorable outcomes were found at heart rates below 100 beats/min, with even greater LA/LV function at heart rates below 80 beats/min. The relationship between heart rate and LA/LV function should be considered for patient management and risk stratifications.

Indexed as

atrial fibrillationheart rateleft ventricular strainpeak atrial longitudinal strainprognosis

Identifiers

PMID41830947
PMCPMC13153893

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.