ArticleJHEP reports : innovation in hepatology2026
Temporal trends and racial/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the US between 2000-2022.
Article in JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the US is largely driven by chronic hepatitis B in non-Hispanic Asians/Pacific Islanders (NH API) and chronic hepatitis C and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in other racial/ethnic groups. We examined temporal trends and racial/ethnic disparities in HCC incidence in the US.
methodsThe SEER-21 database (1 January 2000-31 December 2022) was used to identify adults aged ≥30 years diagnosed with HCC. Annual percentage changes (APC) in HCC incidence were estimated using Joinpoint regression.
resultsA total of 223,571 incident HCC cases were analyzed. The number of incident HCC cases increased from 4,758 in 2000 to a peak of 13,109 cases in 2019, followed by a decline to 11,853 cases in 2022, representing a 150% increase compared with 2000. Age-adjusted HCC incidence rates (AAIR) increased from 6.8 to a plateau of 12.4/100,000 in 2014 (APC
conclusionsHCC incidence trends varied by race/ethnicity. Declines may be partly associated with national hepatitis screening and treatment initiatives and professional guidelines, emphasizing continued efforts to address both viral and non-viral causes. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Early declines among non-Hispanic Asians/Pacific Islanders likely reflect increased treatment for chronic hepatitis B, while later declines among the whole population were likely the result of national initiatives to scale up curative hepatitis C treatment. The high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Hispanic individuals warrants further studies and targeted interventions, including efforts to increase hepatitis C treatment access and reduce metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. These findings are important for clinicians and policymakers addressing HCC disparities and show that increased national initiatives to improve the diagnosis and treatment of chronic viral hepatitis are associated with a declining trend in HCC incidence at the population level.
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