Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41830500›Full record

ReviewComprehensive reviews in food science and food safety2026

Application of Peracetic Acid in Poultry Processing: Effects of Treatment Dynamics and Emerging Risk of Resistance Development in Salmonella spp.

Sandesh Chapagain, Richard Y Otwey, Unishma Ghimire, Birendra Adhikari, Janak Dhakal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sandesh ChapagainDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA.
Richard Y OtweyDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA.
Unishma GhimireDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA.
Birendra AdhikariChemical Separations Group, Material Separation and Analysis Department, Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, Idaho, USA.
Janak DhakalDepartment of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2369-387X

Funding

Department of Energy DE19802997Evans-Allen capacity 4451734
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nontyphoidal Salmonella is a leading cause of foodborne illness, with poultry representing a major source. Peracetic acid (PAA), a widely adopted antimicrobial in poultry processing, offers advantages over traditional disinfectants but has sparked interest in its combined use with other antimicrobials and potential resistance. This review evaluates the efficacy of PAA in mitigating Salmonella in combination with other food-grade antimicrobials, explores possible synergism, efficacy under varying treatment parameters, resistance development against PAA, and its role in resistance evolution. While PAA demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy, its performance varies with environmental parameters; higher temperatures generally enhance antimicrobial action but also accelerate PAA degradation. Organic matter diminishes PAA efficacy by reactive quenching. Variability in concentration and contact time further influences outcomes. Despite its oxidative mode of action and presumed low risk for resistance, emerging studies indicate that Salmonella can develop adaptive tolerance and potential cross/coresistance following repeated or sublethal exposure to PAA. These adaptations may involve genetic upregulation of oxidative stress response pathways, efflux systems, and modifications in cell membrane integrity, raising concerns about the long-term sustainability of PAA use. Additionally, combinatorial treatments (e.g., PAA with UV-C, enzymes, or organic acids) show promise in enhancing efficacy while mitigating resistance risks. Despite recognition of PAA's safety and effectiveness, knowledge gaps remain regarding standardized resistance definitions, serotype-specific tolerance, and optimal intervention strategies in commercial settings. Therefore, there is a need for standardized testing protocols, robust studies on potential resistance, and further exploration of synergistic PAA applications to ensure sustained poultry product safety and public health protection.

Indexed as

DisinfectantsFood HandlingPeracetic AcidPoultrySalmonellaAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialFood MicrobiologyAnti-Bacterial AgentsDisinfectantsPeracetic Acidantibioticsantimicrobial biocidecross‐resistanceperoxyacetic acidpoultry

Identifiers

PMID41830500
PMCPMC12988585

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.