Observational studyInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Changes in Systemic Inflammatory Marker Levels Following Percutaneous Revascularisation of Lower Extremity Arteries.
Observational study in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis in which inflammation plays a central pathogenic role. Endovascular revascularisation may transiently amplify inflammation due to vascular injury, but successful restoration of perfusion could reduce inflammatory burden over time. This prospective, observational, single-centre pilot study aimed to characterise the temporal dynamics of inflammatory biomarkers during the first three months following endovascular revascularisation of the lower limbs. Consecutive patients with PAD who underwent successful percutaneous femoropopliteal revascularisation at the Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia, between January 2022 and January 2024 were enrolled. Venous blood was obtained one hour before the procedure, one day afterwards, and again approximately three months later. Concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) were measured. Temporal changes in biomarker levels were analysed using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests where appropriate. Clinical outcomes were evaluated at three months and one year post-procedure and were further verified through patient telephone interviews. The observed outcomes were worsening of PAD symptoms, newly diagnosed angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischaemic attack (TIA), or death. Twenty-eight patients (median age 69 years) completed all blood samplings. IL-6 concentrations increased significantly one day after revascularisation and decreased below preprocedural levels at three months, with significant differences observed across all time points (
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