ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Th2 Cytokines Reshape the Transcriptome: Insights from a Canine Organoid Model of Atopic Dermatitis.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated Histological and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Distinct Structural and Molecular Features of the Calipash and Muscle in the Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Perspective: from pathogenesis to treatment in veterinary science through organoid disease modelling.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) are common allergic and pruritic skin diseases characterized by immune dysregulation and epidermal barrier dysfunction. To delineate how Th2 cytokines contribute to CAD pathogenesis, canine primary epidermal organoids (cPEOs) were established from keratinocytes, and exposure to IL-4/IL-13 induced morphologic changes characteristic of CAD. RNA sequencing analysis comparing IL-4/IL-13-treated cPEOs to untreated controls identified 224 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Further rigorous filtering narrowed this down to 69 key DEGs, with the majority being associated with atopic dermatitis in both dogs and humans. Pathway enrichment analyses demonstrated the activation of immune and inflammatory signalling and suppression of epidermal differentiation, keratinisation, and lipid metabolism, recapitulating key features of atopic skin. Additional Th2-driven alterations included dysregulation of neuro-immune signalling, calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, extracellular matrix remodelling, and metabolic/epigenetic regulations. Together, these findings demonstrate that Th2 cytokines orchestrate multifaceted transcriptomic alterations relevant to AD/CAD. By mapping each key DEG to its known or putative role in AD/CAD, this study also provides a gene-level functional framework to inform future mechanistic studies and targeted therapeutic development. These findings also underscore the value of this model as a comparative tool for investigating both human and canine atopic dermatitis.
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Registered trials
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