ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Comparative Evaluation of HMG Family Proteins and miR-106a-5p in Low-Grade Non-Invasive and High-Grade Muscle-Invasive Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder exhibits low- and high-grade papillary forms with distinct prognoses. High mobility group proteins (HMGA1, HMGA2, HMGB1) and miR-106a-5p are involved in tumor progression, but their interplay in UC remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of these parameters in low- and high-grade papillary UC. Tissue samples from 80 patients (40 low-grade and 40 high-grade) undergoing transurethral resection or cystectomy were analyzed, with control samples consisting of tumor-adjacent tissues without histopathological alterations obtained from the same patients. HMGA1, HMGA2, and HMGB1 protein expression was assessed immunohistochemically. Gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR, and miR-106a-5p levels were measured by droplet digital PCR. Statistical analysis was conducted using Statistica 13.3, applying one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test and correlation analysis, with
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