Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41826839›Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2026

Assessing healthcare access among residents in rural Eastern San Diego county: a qualitative study.

Loretta Sosa Ortiz, Pamela Padilla, Gina Chung, Jennifer K Felner, Daniel Ramirez, Benjamin Aceves

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Loretta Sosa OrtizSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, Hardy Tower Room 119, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Pamela PadillaSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, Hardy Tower Room 119, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Gina ChungSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, Hardy Tower Room 119, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Jennifer K FelnerSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, Hardy Tower Room 119, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Daniel RamirezSan Ysidro Health, San Diego, USA.
Benjamin AcevesSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, Hardy Tower Room 119, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. baceves@sdsu.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1683-5195

Funding

The Research Infrastructure Core of SDSU HealthLINK Center for Transdisciplinary Health Disparities ResearchU54MD012397 · NIMHD · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Karilyn Elizabeth Sant · 2018 to 2026
$39.0M
Building Capacity and Infrastructure for Population Health and Health Disparities Research at San Diego State UniversityS21MD010690 · NIMHD · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI AYALA, GUADALUPE X, CASTILLO, JOSE E · 2016 to 2020
$10.0M
Imperial County Clinical Research Network for Health Equity (Administrative Supplement)UH3MD018353 · NIMHD · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI AYALA, GUADALUPE X, BELL, YVONNE · 2024 to 2025
$4.6M
Imperial County Clinical Research Network for Health EquityUG3MD018353 · NIMHD · SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI AYALA, GUADALUPE X, HOYT, HELINA · 2022 to 2023
$2.6M
NIH the National Institutes of Health & NCI National Cancer Institute UG3-MD018353NIMHD NIH HHS S21 MD010690NIMHD NIH HHS U54 MD012397NIMHD NIH HHS UG3 MD018353NIMHD NIH HHS UH3 MD018353
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRural health disparities are rooted in a multitude of environmental and social risk factors that limit access to healthcare, such as medications, clinical services, and preventive care. This qualitative study aims to (1) elucidate the experiences of receiving healthcare services and (2) describe the gaps in healthcare and public health infrastructure experienced by residents of rural Eastern San Diego County.

methodsSemi-structured interviews (n = 24) were conducted with rural residents of Eastern San Diego County. Conventional content analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. Themes were further contextualized via the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities Framework.

resultsFour themes were constructed: (1) geographical isolation, unreliable transit systems, and financial constraints lead to critical health conditions being left untreated and neglected among rural residents; (2) rural residents experienced heightened administrative burdens that limited their ability to receive primary-level care; (3) substantial gaps in rural aging health programming limit access to care and place aging rural residents at a greater risk of health-related complications; and (4) infrastructure investment is needed to ensure the basic public health and safety of rural communities.

conclusionLocal health facilities can focus on federal and state funding to expand medical care for rural communities. Additionally, an affordable and localized mobile clinic is needed to address the healthcare needs of rural residents. Further action is necessary to address the failing public health infrastructure in rural Eastern San Diego County.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityRural Health ServicesRural PopulationAccess to Primary CareAdultAgedCaliforniaFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedPublic Health InfrastructureQualitative ResearchSocioeconomic Disparities in HealthAdministrative burdensHealth disparitiesRural healthSocial determinants of health

Identifiers

PMID41826839
PMCPMC13101294

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.