SynthesisInternational journal of obesity (2005)2026
Energetic adaptations to weight loss in children and adolescents with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of obesity (2005), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundWhile weight loss often triggers adaptations to prevent further weight loss, these remain understudied and under-considered in the context of pediatric obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence regarding the adaptations of the components of total energy expenditure (EE) in response to weight loss in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity (OW/OB), considering the intervention types (e.g., dietary, multidisciplinary, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery, or physical activity-based).
methodsArticles reporting on weight loss interventions of any type that included an assessment of EE based on indirect calorimetry were identified through a search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and COCHRANE databases up to September 2024.
resultsOf the initial 1723 references found, 31 were included, representing 53 intervention arms. The meta-analysis revealed a small but non-significant decrease in resting EE (REE) after weight loss (Mean Change (MC) = -130.91 [-492.67, 230.86] kJ, p = 0.467), regardless of the intervention type. However, the systematic review suggests that the degree of weight loss and multidisciplinary studies (particularly those involving caloric restriction) appear to result in a greater decrease in REE, especially in girls, and during short-term interventions. REE relative to fat-free mass (FFM) (MC = -0.95 [-6.11, 4.21] kJ.kg
conclusionThe present results highlight the need for further well-controlled and designed studies, especially when it comes to the thermic effect of food, and the need to consider the patients' individual profiles and responses to interventions.
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