Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41826321›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Passivating pinholes for large-area and high-efficiency silicon solar cells with tunnel oxide passivated contact.

Wenqian Zhang, Kangping Zhang, Yuhua Bai, Yuanyuan Zhang, Kuan Yang, Bingbing Chen, Xueliang Yang, Jiadong Li, Yanan Sun, Yan Wu and 13 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Wenqian Zhang *Province-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Kangping Zhang *R&D Department, Das Solar Co., Ltd., Quzhou Green Industry Clustering Zone, Quzhou, China.
Yuhua Bai *Province-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Yuanyuan Zhang *Province-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Kuan YangProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Bingbing ChenProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Xueliang YangProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Jiadong LiR&D Department, Das Solar Co., Ltd., Quzhou Green Industry Clustering Zone, Quzhou, China.
Yanan SunR&D Department, Das Solar Co., Ltd., Quzhou Green Industry Clustering Zone, Quzhou, China.
Yan WuR&D Department, Das Solar Co., Ltd., Quzhou Green Industry Clustering Zone, Quzhou, China.
Lingzhi LiR&D Department, Das Solar Co., Ltd., Quzhou Green Industry Clustering Zone, Quzhou, China.
Xuning ZhangProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4224-9408
Qing GaoProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Yuke RenProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Jing GuoProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-8868-0369
Lu ZhangProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Dehua YangProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Jingwei ChenProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Xuan ChangProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Yanxin LiuIMD-3 Photovoltaics, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany. ya.liu@fz-juelich.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7032-660X
Xingyuan SanProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China. xysan@hbu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7975-7185
Dengyuan SongR&D Department, Das Solar Co., Ltd., Quzhou Green Industry Clustering Zone, Quzhou, China. d.song@das-solar.com.
Jianhui ChenProvince-Ministry Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hebei Photovoltaic Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China. chenjianhui@hbu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9875-354X

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 52402048National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62274054Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation) F2023201001Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation) F2023201005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) solar cell is poised to dominate silicon photovoltaics, yet the atomic-scale nature of pinholes-local disruptions in the SiO

Identifiers

PMID41826321
PMCPMC12992722

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.