ArticleScience advances2026
IL-7/IL-15/IL-21 cytokine-fusion scaffold generates highly functional CAR T cells enriched in long-lived T memory stem cells.
Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Barriers and Blueprints: Next-Generation Engineering Strategies for CAR-T Cell Therapy in Gastrointestinal Tumors.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- PVR Mediates Resistance to IL21.CD276.CAR-T Therapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Immune Cell-Based Therapies for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Latest Advancements and Directions.Cancers · 2026Review
- Beyond exhaustion: T cell fitness for next generation of immunotherapy for hematological cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Differential Effect of Cytokines on CD4+ T-Cell Activation, Metabolism, and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for autoimmune diseases: from exploratory clinical trials to quantitative pharmacodynamic modeling development.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Functional persistence of chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells) is limited by conventional CAR T cell manufacturing using anti-CD3/CD28 (αCD3/28) stimulation, which generates terminally differentiated and shorter-lived CAR T cells. We demonstrated that HCW9206, a unique protein scaffold linking interleukin-7 (IL-7), an IL-15/IL-15 receptor α (IL-15Rα) complex, and IL-21, generates CAR T cells without requiring αCD3/28 activation, which are highly enriched in long-lived T memory stem cells (T
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.