Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41823088›Full record

Trial reportChinese medical journal2026

Lifestyle intervention reduces type 2 diabetes incidence among young women with previous gestational diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.

Gang Hu, Huikun Liu, Weiqin Li, Leishen Wang, Shuang Zhang, Junhong Leng, Wei Li, Gongshu Liu, Yun Shen, Shengping Yang and 9 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Chinese medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01554358 (Lifestyle and Genetic Factors on Diabetes Risk in Women With GDM After Delivery), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01554358 naunknown statusnot on this map

Lifestyle and Genetic Factors on Diabetes Risk in Women With GDM After Delivery: Tianjin Gestational Diabetes Prevention Program (TGDPP)

TypeinterventionalSponsorTianjin Women and Children's Health CenterRan2009Enrolled2,526ConditionsGestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)ArmsLifestyle intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Gang HuChronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
Huikun LiuDisease Screening Center, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Weiqin LiPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Leishen WangPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Shuang ZhangPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Junhong LengPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Wei LiPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Gongshu LiuPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Yun ShenChronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
Shengping YangChronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
Erica GundersonDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
Lu QiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Zhijie YuPopulation Cancer Research Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada.
Xilin YangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Ming LiuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
Ping ShaoPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Fuxia ZhangPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Huiguang TianPreparatory Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center, Tianjin 300070, China.
Jaakko TuomilehtoDepartment of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.

Funding

Tracking & Evaluation CoreU54GM104940 · NIGMS · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · PI Peter Todd Katzmarzyk · 2012 to 2026
$69.1M
Biomarker of Pancreatic B-cell Loss Predicting Progression to Type 2 Diabetes After Gestational DiabetesR01DK132011 · NIDDK · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · PI Gang Hu, Yeyi Zhu · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK132011NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104940
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWomen with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. This study evaluated whether lifestyle intervention can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in women with previous GDM.

methodsThis was a two-arm randomized controlled study conducted at the Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center. Women in six urban districts of Tianjin with previous GDM were randomly assigned in a 1: 1 ratio to either a 4-year lifestyle intervention group or a standard care control group between August 1, 2009 and July 31, 2011. Random allocation sequences were generated in patients but not in study coordinators. Each participant in the intervention group received individualized counseling aimed at reducing body weight in overweight women, increasing physical activity, and maintaining appropriate intakes of fat and carbohydrates especially fiber. Major components included six face-to-face meetings with a dietitian in the first year and two additional sessions in each subsequent year. The primary outcome was the development of type 2 diabetes, assessed using an oral glucose-tolerance test (OGTT). Participants were followed until the date of the diagnosis of diabetes, the last date of an OGTT, or death, whichever occurred first, up to December 2020. For participants who missed any OGTTs, self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes data were collected.

resultsA total of 1180 women with a recent history of GDM were randomized to either an intensive lifestyle intervention ( n = 586) or usual care ( n = 594) 1-5 years postpartum (mean: 2.26 years). The mean follow-up was 4.5 years. During the trial, women in the intervention group, compared with the control group, lost more weight, increased physical activity and consumed more fiber. The incidence of diabetes after four years or more of follow-up was 9.0 and 15.3 cases per 1000 person-years in the lifestyle intervention and control groups, respectively. The lifestyle intervention reduced the incidence of diabetes by 46% (95% confidence interval: 10-67%) using the OGTT to diagnose diabetes, and by 40% (95% confidence interval: 11-59%) using either the OGTT or self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes.

conclusionsHealthy lifestyle management significantly reduced the incidence of diabetes among young women with previous GDM.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01554358.

Indexed as

Diabetes, GestationalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Life StyleAdultExerciseFemaleGlucose Tolerance TestHumansIncidencePregnancyGestational diabetes mellitusIncidenceLifestyle interventionRandomized controlled trialType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41823088
PMCPMC13441112

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.