Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41823057›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Hierarchical Reconfigurable Metasurface Based on Scenario-Guided Functional Modules and Programmable Core.

Lihao Zhu, Jiaqi Han, Zhe Zheng, Qiang Feng, Dexiao Xia, Xiangjin Ma, Yajie Mu, Guoliang Luo, Rui Li, Haixia Liu and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Bamboo-Slip-Inspired Conformal Reconfigurable Metasurfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Lihao ZhuKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Jiaqi HanKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Zhe ZhengKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Qiang FengKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Dexiao XiaKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Xiangjin MaKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Yajie MuKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Guoliang LuoKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Rui LiKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Haixia LiuKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Hao XueKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Long LiKey Laboratory of High-Speed Circuit Design and EMC, School of Electronic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0472-7314

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 20103224952Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities YJSJ25008National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFA1401001National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFB3811503National Natural Science Foundation of China 62288101Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (Grade C) of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2024M752522Postdoctoral Fellowship Program (Grade C) of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation China Postdoctoral Science FoundationPostdoctoral Fellowship Program (Grade C) of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation GZC20250387Shaanxi Postdoctoral Innovation Talents Support Program 2025SQBC016Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China 62401443
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The conventional metasurface remains functionally inflexible, as their platform are typically optimized and designed for specific scenarios, necessitating a complete redesign when operational parameters and function change-a process that incurs significant time and costs. To overcome the fundamental limitation, we propose a hierarchical reconfigurable metasurface architecture (HRMA) to achieve comprehensive electromagnetic parameter modulation and on-demand polymorphic function switching. The reconfigurable metasurface is divided into a programmable core (PC) and scenario-guided functional modules (FMs). The PC differs from traditional switches in terms of structure, performance, and manner of use, exhibiting significant flexibility and reusability. The low-cost FM is attached to the PC, protecting it and endowing the metasurface with specific functional requirements. Based on this architecture, we achieve polymorphic functionality, effectuate extreme bandwidth coverage, and verify the possibility of comprehensive electromagnetic parameter regulation through a single hardware platform. This architecture provides a solution to orchestrate polymorphic scattering in diverse scenarios, offering a scalable design paradigm for next-generation reconfigurable microwave devices and systems.

Indexed as

hierarchical reconfigurable metasurfacemultifunctional manipulationscenario‐guided designswitchable scattering

Identifiers

PMID41823057
PMCPMC13185813

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.