ReviewCureus2026
The Benefits and Risks of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Ocular Diseases: A Narrative Review.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are incretin-based agents used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. This class of medications mimics the action of the endogenous GLP-1 hormone, enhances insulin secretion, delays gastric emptying, causes early satiety, lowers systemic glycemic levels, and results in weight loss. There are emerging concerns about the use of GLP-1RAs, which may be an observational association with ocular pathologies, including retinal vascular occlusion (RVO), vitreous hemorrhage (VH), diabetic retinopathy (DR), non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), and diabetic macular edema (DME). In contrast, there are beneficial impacts of GLP-1RAs on various conditions, including glaucoma and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. This narrative review aims to analyze current findings on the beneficial and adverse ocular effects of GLP-1RAs use, highlighting studies that elucidate the harmful causes, such as retinal microvascular dysregulation, inflammatory modulation, oxidative stress, osmotic dysregulation from sorbitol accumulation, and metabolic shifts. The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Elsevier, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct to retrieve relevant literature published in peer-reviewed journals from 2014 to 2025. Understanding the benefits and risks of GLP-1RAs in ophthalmology is crucial for clinicians to manage ocular conditions safely while a patient is using GLP-1RAs, and enables personalized ophthalmological screenings to minimize the risk of disease exacerbation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.