ArticleCureus2026
High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Jos, Nigeria.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WLWH) have a higher risk of acquiring human papillomavirus (HPV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) due to their compromised immune systems. The presence of HPV, HIV, and other STIs has been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis. This study sought to understand and estimate the association between HPV infection and other STIs among HIV-positive women with and without cervical precancer. Methodology This study looked at women living with HIV who had been diagnosed with either low- or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. This study was a part of the U54 cervical cancer project in Jos, Nigeria, from August 2019 to January 2022. Cervical swab samples were used for DNA extraction and genotyping using the HPV 28 Anyplex II (Seegene). To identify seven of the most common STIs, we used the Allplex™ STI Essential Assay (Seegene) and the Allplex™ Genital Ulcer Assay (Seegene) for seven ulcer-causing microbes. Results In total, 101 women were included in this study. The median age of the participants was 50 years (interquartile range = 43-57). The overall HPV prevalence was 65.3% (66/101). Among these, hrHPV infection occurred in 40.0% of the women in the age group of <40 years and 31.0% in the age group of ≥40 years. Approximately 40% of hrHPV-positive women were co-infected with at least one STI (p = 0.006). Having multiple STIs was associated with hrHPV infection (p = 0.019 for multiple essential STIs and p = 0.007 for multiple genital ulcers causing STIs). On univariate analysis, we found hrHPV to be associated at 95% confidence interval with any essential STI (p = 0.008), a single STI (p = 0.016), any genital ulcer microbe (p = 0.003), herpes simplex virus 1 (p = 0.043),
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Registered trials
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