Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41822510›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

Dynamic changes of immune cells and therapeutic responses in experimental models of COPD.

Jingxian Xie, Pengfei Li, Jianjun Du, Shiran Li, Zhimin Li, Jiao Zhang, Siyu Zeng, Yanqiu Zhang, Yong Yang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jingxian Xie *Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Pengfei Li *Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Jianjun DuSchool of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Shiran LiDepartment of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Zhimin LiDepartment of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Jiao ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Siyu ZengDepartment of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yanqiu ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yong YangDepartment of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous respiratory disorder characterized by a complex pathogenesis involving chronic inflammation, protease-antiprotease imbalance, oxidative stress, and epigenetic regulation. Experimental models, including cigarette smoke exposure, air pollution, and acute exacerbation models, provide essential platforms for investigating immune cell dynamics during disease initiation and progression. Macrophages contribute to inflammatory amplification and tissue destruction through polarization imbalance and metabolic reprogramming. Neutrophils exacerbate persistent lung injury via recruitment, protease release, NET formation, and delayed apoptosis, while also promoting airway remodeling during the repair phase. T cells-particularly CD8

Indexed as

Pulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveAnimalsCytokinesDisease Models, AnimalHumansCytokinesChronic inflammationchronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseexperimental modelsimmune cellstargeted immunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID41822510
PMCPMC12975610

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.