Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41820867›Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2026

Pathways to chronic benzodiazepine use: a qualitative study of user and professional perspectives.

M Teresa Peñarrubia-Maria, Mª Carmen Olmos-Palenzuela, Montserrat Gil-Girbau, Maria Rubio-Valera, Marta Puig-García, Mercedes Guilabert Mora, Elsa López-Pintor, Elisa Chilet Rosell, Lucy Anne Parker, Ignacio Aznar-Lou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

M Teresa Peñarrubia-MariaCentro de Atención Primaria Bartomeu Fabrés Anglada, Gerencia Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, c/Riera de les Parets, 7, Gavà, Barcelona, 08850, España. mtpenarrubia.apms.ics@gencat.cat.
Mª Carmen Olmos-PalenzuelaCentro de Atención Primaria Bartomeu Fabrés Anglada, Gerencia Territorial Metropolitana Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, c/Riera de les Parets, 7, Gavà, Barcelona, 08850, España.
Montserrat Gil-GirbauGrupo de Investigación en Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias en Atención Primaria y Salud Mental (PRISMA), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa, 39-57, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950, España.
Maria Rubio-ValeraConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.
Marta Puig-GarcíaConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.
Mercedes Guilabert MoraConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.
Elsa López-PintorConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.
Elisa Chilet RosellConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.
Lucy Anne ParkerConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.
Ignacio Aznar-LouConsorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), avda Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, España.

Funding

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública ESP22PI08Universidad Carlos III de Madrid CP22/00029
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBenzodiazepines (BZD) have become a public health issue due to their high use and problems arising from their misuse. Both health professionals and users are becoming aware of the situation but recognise few alternatives to their prescription and acknowledge the difficulties involved in discontinuing them. It is important to understand the factors that influence their chronic use after a first BZD prescription to be able to design future strategies for those factors which can be modified once identified. The aim of this study is to explore the factors underlying chronic BZD use following an initial prescription from the perspectives of users and Primary Care (PC) and Mental Health (MH) professionals.

methodsAn exploratory-explanatory qualitative study based on Grounded Theory carried out in two autonomous communities between 2023 and 2024. Sampling was theoretical, purposive and convenience, seeking maximum variability among users and PC and MH professionals. Interviews following a semi-structured thematic script were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed in duplicate. Information was collected until saturation was reached. Users (5 in a focus group; 23 individual; 64% women) and professionals (40 in five focus groups; 88% women) were interviewed. Interpretive analysis was performed through an iterative inductive process until a definitive explanatory framework was obtained.

resultsThe factors that influence chronic BZD use are related to users and the health system. Within the system, factors associated with the professionals, such as clinical management strategies, their perceptions and attitudes towards BZD, and the user-professional interaction clearly emerge. The organisation of the system, including the duration of consultation, continuous training and coordination between health professionals also play a role. Regarding users, biopsychosocial factors, medical history and perceptions and attitudes concerning the health issue and BZD are notable.

conclusionsChronic BZD use is influenced by factors related to the user and the health system, some of which can be modified. Taking these factors into account could improve appropriate BZD use, patient safety and the sustainability of the system while simultaneously promoting self-care.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelBenzodiazepinesPrescription Drug MisuseAdultFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareQualitative ResearchBenzodiazepinesBenzodiazepineChronic useQualitative study

Identifiers

PMID41820867
PMCPMC13097880

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.