Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41819811›Full record

ArticleJournal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society2026

Dose-Dependent, Biomechanical Recovery of Permeability Ex Vivo in GAG-Depleted Cartilage With a Synthetic Polyelectrolyte, Polystyrene Sulfonate.

Qurat-Ul-Ain Bhatti, Shalini Sundar, Allison Koopman, Zoe A Fields, Kyla F Ortved, David L Burris, Justin Parreno, Laure V Kayser, Charles B Dhong

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Qurat-Ul-Ain BhattiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Shalini SundarDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Allison KoopmanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Zoe A FieldsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Kyla F OrtvedDepartment of Clinical Studies-New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.
David L BurrisDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2687-7540
Justin ParrenoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7119-3741
Laure V KayserDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Charles B DhongDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.

Funding

This renovation project will create over 1455 sq. ft. of state- of-the-art reseaP20GM104316 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI SCHMITZ, KARL ROBERT · 2014 to 2024
$26.8M
Understanding synovial macrophage inflamm-aging within osteoarthritisP20GM139760 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI DAWN M ELLIOTT · 2021 to 2026
$19.1M
High Sensitivity NMR Spectrometer with CryoprobeS10OD025185 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI FOX, JOSEPH M · 2019 to 2019
$930k
National Science Foundation DMR-2237888NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM104316NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM139760NIH HHS P20GM104316NIH HHS P20 GM139760NIH HHS S10 OD025185NIH HHS S10 S10OD025185-01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Articular cartilage is a specialized connective tissue responsible for load-bearing function in diarthrodial joints. In early osteoarthritis (OA), depletion of negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) side chains within cartilage reduces its ability to maintain high osmotic pressure, leaving the matrix susceptible to further damage. In the biomechanical recovery of damaged cartilage, some OA therapies have focused on collagen repair to restore tissue stiffness, but comparatively fewer have targeted the osmotic contribution of GAGs to cartilage mechanics. In this study, we have investigated poly(styrene) sulfonate (PSS) as a synthetic proteoglycan mimic to restore lost negative charge in GAG-depleted cartilage. Notably, PSS treatment led to near complete recovery of tissue permeability, a direct measure of fixed charge density. In contrast, other commercially available treatments tested did not show measurable biomechanical improvements. These findings, combined with tissue cytotoxicity experiments, demonstrate that PSS-based molecules as synthetic GAG replacements are effective in restoring lost fixed charge density (FCD) and subsequent biomechanical properties of cartilage, thus supporting the potential of PSS as a novel therapeutic strategy for OA.

Indexed as

Cartilage, ArticularGlycosaminoglycansPolystyrenesAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaCattlePermeabilityGlycosaminoglycansPolystyrenespolystyrene sulfonic acidbiomechanical recoveryGAGspermeabilitypolyelectrolytesynthetic proteoglycan mimics

Identifiers

PMID41819811
PMCPMC13051644

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.