ArticleCell2026
Respiratory viral infections prime accelerated lung cancer growth.
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In one paragraph
Article in Cell, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Does acute inflammation triggered by infection promote cancer progression?PLoS biology · 2026Review
- Beyond oncogenesis: the unexplored benefits of viruses in cancer immunity.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Tumor microenvironment and signaling pathways in melanoma brain metastasis.Annals of translational medicine · 2026Review
- From Nucleobases to Bioactive NHC-Based Gold and Silver Complexes With Anticancer and Antiviral Activity.ChemMedChem · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
26 authors.
Wei QianBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Xiaoqin WeiBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Andrew J BarrosDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Xiangyu YeDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
Haibo ZhangDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Qing YuBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Samuel P YoungBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Eric V YeattsBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Yury ParkBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Chaofan LiBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Sijie HaoAdvanced Microscopy Facility, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Gislane Almeida-SantosBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Jinyi TangBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Harish NarasimhanBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Nicole A KirkDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Valeria MolinaryDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Ying LiDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
Li LiDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Bimal N DesaiDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Peter ChenWomen's Guild Lung Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
Kwon-Sik ParkDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Anny Xiaobo ZhouDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Jeffrey M SturekDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Wei ChenDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
In Su CheonBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Jie SunBeirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Electronic address: js6re@virginia.edu.
Funding
Cancer Research Training Program: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic StrategiesT32CA009109 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI Andrew Carl Dudley, Melanie R Rutkowski · 1985 to 2026
$13.9MINTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING PROGRAM IN IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007496 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA CHARLOTTESVILLE · PI Michael G. Brown, Coleen A McNamara · 1995 to 2026
$10.2MHost cellular network governing the development of post SARS-CoV-2 tissue sequelaeR01AI147394 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Jie Sun · 2020 to 2026
$4.7MMolecular regulation of protective CD8 immunity against influenza infectionR01AI112844 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI SUN, JIE · 2015 to 2024
$4.5MElucidating the roles of alveolar macrophage inflammation and selfrenewal during influenza infectionR01AG069264 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Jie Sun · 2020 to 2026
$3.5MMitochondrial Calcium Signaling in Cell Intrinsic ImmunityR01AI155808 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI DESAI, BIMAL N. · 2021 to 2025
$2.8MDeterminants of Convalescent and Vaccine-induced Mucosal Specific Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern in Children with AsthmaR01AI176171 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Jie Sun, WILLIAM GERALD TEAGUE · 2023 to 2026
$2.7MUncover mechanisms underlying the development of chronic lung sequelae post COVID-19R01HL170961 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Jie Sun, ROBERT VASSALLO · 2023 to 2026
$2.7MTraining in Cell and Molecular BiologyT32GM139787 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Bryce Paschal · 2021 to 2026
$2.5MMolecular understanding of the GSDMB-regulated innate immune responseR01HL162783 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Anny Xiaobo Zhou · 2023 to 2026
$2.4MTargeting BCAT1 and branched-chain amino acid metabolism for the detection and prevention of SCLCU01CA224293 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI PARK, KWON-SIK · 2018 to 2022
$2.2MOxidation-Specific Epitope IgA in Pulmonary FibrosisR01HL179312 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI Jeffrey Michael Sturek · 2025 to 2026
$1.6MNCI NIH HHS T32 CA009109NCI NIH HHS U01 CA224293NHLBI NIH HHS F31 HL170746NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL162783NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL170961NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL179312NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI112844NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI147394NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI155808NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI176171NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007496NIA NIH HHS R01 AG069264NIA NIH HHS R01 AG090337NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM139787
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the long-term consequences of viral pneumonia, yet its impact on cancer development remains unclear. Here, we show that patients previously hospitalized with severe COVID-19 have an increased risk of subsequent lung cancer. Across multiple murine models, severe respiratory viral infections accelerated lung cancer growth, whereas vaccination mitigated infection-enhanced tumor progression. Mechanistically, prior viral pneumonia reprogrammed the lung into a pro-tumor microenvironment marked by the sustained accumulation of tumor-associated neutrophils and heightened immunosuppression. We observed persistent chromatin remodeling at key cytokine loci in immune and structural cells, linking inflammatory memory to tumor-promoting signals. Therapeutically, combined blockade of neutrophil recruitment and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) restored CD8
Indexed as
COVID-19Lung NeoplasmsRespiratory Tract InfectionsAnimalsB7-H1 AntigenCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansLungMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeutrophilsPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Tumor MicroenvironmentB7-H1 AntigenCOVID-19epigenetic imprintinginfluenzalung cancerrespiratory viral infectiontumor-associated neutrophils
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.