Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41818694›Full record

Observational studyAesthetic surgery journal2026

Predicting the Future of Aesthetic Surgery: An Artificial Intelligence Framework for Global Publication Forecasting.

Georgios Karamitros, Georgios Bouloukakis, Emmanuel Giannas, Gregory A Lamaris, Wesley P Thayer, Galen Perdikis, William C Lineaweaver, Patrick Assi

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Aesthetic surgery journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Georgios KaramitrosORCID 0000-0002-2208-8539
Georgios Bouloukakis
Emmanuel Giannas
Gregory A Lamaris
Wesley P Thayer
William C Lineaweaver
Patrick Assi

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has transformed clinical decision making, yet its application to forecasting the evolution of surgical science remains underdeveloped. Anticipating future research trajectories represents a critical unmet need for strategic planning, workforce allocation, and innovation stewardship in aesthetic surgery.

objectivesThe aim of this study was to develop and validate an AI-assisted forecasting framework capable of modeling and predicting global aesthetic surgery research activity.

methodsWe performed a population-level observational analysis of all PubMed-indexed aesthetic surgery publications from 2010 to 2024. A fully autonomous AI pipeline conducted large-scale data ingestion, followed by high-fidelity semantic classification of publications by research domain and country (validated accuracy >97%). Annualized outputs were analyzed using optimized exponential-smoothing and autoregressive time-series models to generate long-horizon forecasts with 95% CIs.

resultsThe framework processed 24,026 records, yielding 23,521 eligible publications across 13 journals. Exponential smoothing demonstrated superior predictive performance (R2 = 0.94, root mean square error = 166.6). Global research output is projected to increase by 21.9% by 2030, reaching 2939 publications annually (95% CI, 2612-3265). Minimally invasive and injectable research exhibited the steepest projected growth (+46.1 publications/year).

conclusionsThis study establishes AI-driven forecasting as a next-generation analytic paradigm for surgical meta-research. By integrating autonomous data ingestion, semantic intelligence, and rigorously validated time-series modeling, the framework operationalizes predictive intelligence-shifting aesthetic surgery research from retrospective surveillance to prospective trajectory mapping. The resulting system is scalable, reproducible, and continuously recalibratable, positioning AI as a strategic instrument for anticipatory research governance, resource allocation, and human-capital planning in surgical science. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 (THERAPEUTIC): For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceBiomedical ResearchSurgery, PlasticForecastingHumans

Identifiers

PMID41818694
PMCPMC13268686

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.