Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41818158›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Generating a stratocumulus-like cloud top in a convection-cloud chamber.

Aaron Wang, Fan Yang, Mikhail Ovchinnikov, Steven K Krueger, Raymond A Shaw

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Generating a stratocumulus-like cloud top in a convection-cloud chamber.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Aaron Wang *Atmospheric, Climate, and Earth Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354.ORCID 0000-0002-9289-3234
Fan Yang *Environmental Science and Technologies Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973.ORCID 0000-0001-8866-6664
Mikhail OvchinnikovAtmospheric, Climate, and Earth Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354.ORCID 0000-0002-7939-1299
Steven K KruegerDepartment of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.
Raymond A ShawDepartment of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931.ORCID 0000-0003-0390-2424

Funding

DOE | Office of Science (SC) DE-AC05-76 RL01830DOE | Office of Science (SC) DE-SC0012704National Science Foundation (NSF) AGS-2133229
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stratocumulus-topped boundary layers play a crucial role in influencing daily weather and earth energy balance. Entrainment at the stratocumulus cloud top affects the cloud's lifetime, precipitation, and radiative properties, but our understanding remains limited due to the lack of resolution in both field observations and numerical simulations. A recently proposed convection-cloud chamber with detailed control of sidewall temperatures can provide a unique opportunity to explore this mechanism in a laboratory setting. In this work, we use numerical simulations to demonstrate that this design can produce a cloud top that mimics the entrainment interfacial layer in a stratocumulus cloud. Our results show that a steady-state cloud can be formed by cooling the lower portions of the sidewalls and warming the bottom surface, while a temperature inversion at the cloud top can be generated by keeping the upper sidewalls and top surface warmer than the bottom. The turbulent kinetic energy profile and budget are similar to those found in a convective boundary layer, and inhomogeneous mixing near the cloud top can be observed. These findings significantly enhance the scientific value of constructing the tall convection-cloud chamber.

Indexed as

cloud chamberentrainmentnumerical simulationstratocumulus cloud

Identifiers

PMID41818158
PMCPMC12994161

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.