GuidelineEuropean radiology2026
Safety of positive gastrointestinal contrast media. Updated guidelines by the ESUR Contrast Media Safety Committee.
Guideline in European radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many reports on adverse effects related to positive gastrointestinal (GI) contrast media (CM) predate 2000; therefore, a literature review on their current safety profile was warranted. This article reviews the literature and updates the Contrast Media Safety Committee guidelines of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology on the safety of positive GI iodine-based and barium sulphate-based CM. A systematic literature search (2000-2025) identified 2 randomised controlled trials, 2 comparative studies, 17 reviews, and 29 case reports on the adverse effects of positive GI CM. Enteric non-ionic iodine-based low- and iso-osmolar CM are more palatable than ionic hyperosmolar agents (HOCM) and are preferred for oral use. The most frequent adverse effects of enteric ionic iodine-based HOCM are nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and unpleasant taste, while pulmonary complications following aspiration are extremely rare. Hypersensitivity reactions due to limited (1-2%) systemic absorption of iodine-based CM are very uncommon; however, patients with a history of such reactions should be managed as for intravascular iodine-based CM administration. For barium sulphate CM, nausea, vomiting, and constipation are the most reported adverse effects. Minor leakage into the mediastinum or aspiration of small amounts into the lungs is rarely life-threatening. In contrast, intraperitoneal leakage can trigger inflammatory reactions, granuloma formation, and intestinal adhesions. If bowel perforation is suspected, fluoroscopic examination with iodine-based CM should precede barium administration. Hypersensitivity may occur due to excipients within barium preparations rather than barium itself. KEY POINTS: Question What are the current safety issues associated with positive GI radiological CM? Finding Nausea and vomiting are the most commonly reported adverse effects of positive enteric CM. Many reports of other adverse effects date back to before 2000. Clinical relevance The use of positive GI CM has diminished in recent decades. However, these CM have excellent safety profiles and are safer than traditionally assumed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.