Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41817376›Full record

ArticleLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids2026

Physical Changes of Biomacromolecules upon Covalent Surface Immobilization.

Bianca Mercado Velez, Vaishali Sharma, Seth Kriz, Erico T F Freitas, Paul Goetsch, Caryn L Heldt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Bianca Mercado VelezDepartment of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0009-0007-2703-8112
Vaishali SharmaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-4069-314X
Seth KrizHealth Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6684-9918
Erico T F FreitasMaterials Characterization and Fabrication Facility, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.
Paul GoetschDepartment of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7120-0945
Caryn L HeldtHealth Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0776-8763

Funding

NSF DMREF 2118693NSF MRI 1429232
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immobilization of large biomacromolecules is often required for analytical quantification and physicochemical characterization. However, immobilization can alter the structure and size of the particles being studied. Here, two exosomes (derived from HEK-293 and MDA-MB-231 cells) and three viral particles (Suid herpesvirus 1 (SuHV), xenotropic murine leukemia virus (XmuLV), and porcine parvovirus (PPV)) were immobilized to different covalent chemistries to understand how surface chemistry influences particle deformation during immobilization. The surface chemistries explored were: (i) NHS (

Indexed as

ExosomesAnimalsGlutaralHEK293 CellsHerpesvirus 1, SuidHumansLeukemia Virus, MurineMacromolecular SubstancesMDA-MB-231 CellsParticle SizeParvovirus, PorcinePolylysineSuccinimidesSurface PropertiesGlutaralMacromolecular SubstancesPolylysineSuccinimides

Identifiers

PMID41817376
PMCPMC13019682

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.