Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41817238›Full record

ArticleNanoscale2026

Noble-metal-free recyclable electronic nanoinks for wireless wearable sensors.

Naimul Arefin, Kwame Afrifa Obeng Ofori, Curtis Borden, Nishat Paul, Thomas Jones, Nicolas Constantinides, Kai Wu, Minxiang Zeng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanoscale, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Naimul ArefinDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. minzeng@ttu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-1923-7139
Kwame Afrifa Obeng OforiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. kai.wu@ttu.edu.
Curtis BordenDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. kai.wu@ttu.edu.
Nishat PaulDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. minzeng@ttu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-2896-2981
Thomas JonesDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. minzeng@ttu.edu.
Nicolas ConstantinidesDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. minzeng@ttu.edu.
Kai WuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. kai.wu@ttu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9444-6112
Minxiang ZengDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. minzeng@ttu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3513-9200

Funding

Additive Manufacturing Wearable Magnetic Sensors: Revolutionizing Cardiac Health Monitoring with Machine Learning for Arrhythmia ClassificationR16GM158539 · NIGMS · TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY · PI Kai Wu · 2025 to 2026
$276k
Multi-tracer Magnetic Particle Imaging (MMPI): Tracer Design and Multi-tracer Guided Image ReconstructionR03EB036435 · NIBIB · TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY · PI Kai Wu · 2025 to 2026
$157k
NIBIB NIH HHS R03 EB036435NIGMS NIH HHS R16 GM158539
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inappropriate disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) can pollute ecosystems and deplete mineral resources, highlighting the urgency to develop sustainable and recyclable electronics. While various metal nanoparticles have been tested in literature regarding built-in recyclability for electronics, it remains unclear on how recycling processes affect their properties, since oxidation and contamination of recycled nanomaterials may compromise the functional and reliable performance of remanufactured devices. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by systematically investigating the behaviors of metal particles at different remanufacturing stages and by developing an effective, printing-enabled, remanufacturing route using fully recyclable, noble-metal-free, conductive inks. Recyclability of the printed conductors is investigated in terms of electrical properties across multiple reuse cycles, achieving ∼90% recovery of electrical conductivity after 3 reuse cycles (at least 1 order of magnitude higher than the regular "mill-to-print" approach). As proof of concept, a wireless strain-sensing platform is designed for real-time monitoring of small strains generated by the human body, highlighting potential for wearable human-machine interface applications.

Identifiers

PMID41817238
PMCPMC13097992

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.