Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41816135›Full record

ArticleJournal of family medicine and primary care2026

Allergic conjunctivitis: Prevalence, clinical patterns, and awareness in adults: A population-based cross-sectional study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Turad A Alkadi, Meshal Alzakari, Yazeed Alfarhan, Bader Alotaibi, Mohammed Alaugab, Abdulaziz Alsokeh, Abdulrahman Alhaddad, Asma Almutairi, Mohammed Alsaadan, Abdulelah F Alshehri

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Article in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Turad A AlkadiDepartment of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Meshal AlzakariCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Yazeed AlfarhanCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Bader AlotaibiCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed AlaugabCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz AlsokehCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman AlhaddadCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Asma AlmutairiCollege of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed AlsaadanCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulelah F AlshehriCollege of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a prevalent ocular condition caused by allergic reactions to environmental allergens, impacting eye health and quality of life. Public awareness and knowledge of AC, including its symptoms, triggers, and management options, are vital for early intervention. Moreover, understanding the role of allergens like pollen and dust mites in exacerbating AC is essential, yet public awareness remains limited. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from May 25 to June 27, 2025. The questionnaire covered demographics, symptom patterns, potential triggers, and awareness levels. Data from 600 eligible participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression. Results: A total of 70.5% of participants reported symptoms consistent with AC, but only 12% had received a formal diagnosis. Most participants identified dust (19.8%) as a common trigger, while 28.3% were unsure of the cause. Consulting an ophthalmologist significantly predicted a diagnosis (OR = 3.41, Conclusion: AC symptoms are widespread among adults in Riyadh, but many cases go undiagnosed due to limited awareness and low rates of specialist consultation. Our findings highlight the need for targeted public health initiatives to improve early detection and effective management of AC.

Indexed as

Allergic conjunctivitiscross-sectional studyenvironmental allergensprevalencepublic awarenessSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID41816135
PMCPMC12975060

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.