Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41814589›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of industrial medicine2026

Work Disability, Early Retirement, and Loss of a Loved One in the World Trade Center Health Registry Cohort.

Jennifer Brite, Matthew Di Vitto, Janna Metzler

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of industrial medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jennifer BriteDepartment of Nutrition and Public Health, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5245-4352
Matthew Di VittoNew York City Department of Health, World Trade Center Health Registry, New York, New York, USA.
Janna MetzlerNew York City Department of Health, World Trade Center Health Registry, New York, New York, USA.

Funding

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) U50OH009739NIOSH CDC HHS U50 OH009739
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExisting research on the economic outcomes of 9/11 remains limited and has primarily focused on early retirement. Little is known about the prevalence of work disability and loss of a loved one and whether they are associated with survey attrition.

methodsThe World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) is a closed longitudinal cohort that recruited more than 71,000 participants at baseline (2003-2004). Bivariate analyses were conducted to compare the distribution of 9/11 exposure and sociodemographic factors for (1) work disability, (2) early retirement, and (3) loss of a loved one. Separate Poisson models were constructed to predict survey attrition.

resultsBoth those who were work-disabled and early-retired were more likely to be older, male, a rescue/recovery worker, and have greater 9/11 exposure. In addition, work disability was associated with lower income and educational attainment, and PTSD diagnosis. Loss of a loved one was associated with PTSD diagnosis and some measures of 9/11. Work disability was associated with higher and early retirement was associated with lower risk survey attrition at wave 4. Loss of a loved one was not associated with survey attrition.

conclusionEarly retirement, work disability, and loss of a loved one can have major impacts on an individual's economic wellbeing and are potentially qualifying events for social programs, such as Social Security Administration (SSA) benefits. Future research is needed to overcome the limitations of self-reported data in order to understand how timely receipt of SSA benefits can lead to better health trajectories among disaster- and trauma-exposed populations.

Indexed as

Persons with DisabilitiesRetirementSeptember 11 Terrorist AttacksAdultFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedNew York CityRegistriesStress Disorders, Post-Traumatic9/11 healthbereavementearly retirementsocial security eligibilitysurvey attritionwork disability

Identifiers

PMID41814589
PMCPMC13070278

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.