Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41813767›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 expression associates with pain and inflammatory pathways in interstitial cystitis.

Yeonjoo Kwak, Bohyun Kim, Jaekwon Seok, Moonjung Lee, Ssang-Goo Cho, Sehwan Kim, Hana Yoon, Aram Kim

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yeonjoo KwakStem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology Major, School of Advanced Biotechnology, College of Institute of Science and Technology, Molecular & Cellular Reprogramming Center, Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Institute of Health, Aging & Society, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
Bohyun KimDepartment of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Jaekwon SeokStem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology Major, School of Advanced Biotechnology, College of Institute of Science and Technology, Molecular & Cellular Reprogramming Center, Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Institute of Health, Aging & Society, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
Moonjung LeeDepartment of Advanced Translational Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
Ssang-Goo ChoStem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology Major, School of Advanced Biotechnology, College of Institute of Science and Technology, Molecular & Cellular Reprogramming Center, Institute of Advanced Regenerative Science, Institute of Health, Aging & Society, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
Sehwan KimDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
Hana YoonDepartment of Urology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Aram KimDepartment of Urology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. arkim@kuh.ac.kr.

Funding

Konkuk University Medical Center Konkuk University Medical Center Research Grant 2022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is a chronic condition with severe pelvic pain and urinary symptoms significantly impairing quality of life. This study investigated the clinical relevance of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) family in IC/BPS. Bladder biopsy samples were taken from 61 patients, including 42 Hunner-type IC, 11 non-Hunner type IC, and 8 controls without IC. Gene expression analysis revealed that mGluR2, mGluR3, and mGluR5 were significantly elevated in patients with IC/BPS compared to controls. Among these, mGluR5 showed the strongest association with pain severity, fibrosis, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Patients with Hunner-type IC also exhibited increased expression of p65 and interleukin-1β, suggesting activation of inflammatory response modulation in IC/BPS. These findings suggest that mGluR5 may contribute to pain through immune response modulation in IC/BPS. Targeting mGluR5 could represent a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate symptoms and improve patient quality of life.

Indexed as

Cystitis, InterstitialInflammationPainReceptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5AdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedUrinary BladderGRM5 protein, humanReceptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5Bladder pain syndromeInterstitial cystitisMetabotropic glutamate receptor

Identifiers

PMID41813767
PMCPMC13103315

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.