Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41812258›Full record

ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine2026

Endogenous calcitriol production and ionized hypercalcemia in 7 dogs with chronic dermatopathy of infectious and noninfectious etiology (2016-2024).

Jean M Brudvig, Daniel K Langlois, Jared A Jaffey, Vicki A Miksicek, Kent R Refsal, Paige E Mackey, Yoojin M Kim, Veronica T Kiely, Brandy L Porterpan, Claudia R Sims and 1 more

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jean M BrudvigVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, United States.
Daniel K LangloisDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-7726-6307
Jared A JaffeyDepartment of Specialty Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States.
Vicki A MiksicekVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, United States.
Kent R RefsalVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, United States.
Paige E MackeyInternal Medicine Service, South Carolina Veterinary Specialists & Emergency Care, Columbia, SC, United States.
Yoojin M KimInternal Medicine Service, BluePearl Veterinary Partners, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.
Veronica T KielyLaytonsville Veterinary Practice, Laytonsville, MD, United States.
Brandy L PorterpanInternal Medicine Department, VCA Animal Diagnostic Clinic, Dallas, TX, United States.
Claudia R SimsNorth Elm Animal Hospital, Greensboro, NC, United States.
Stephanie J FrenchVeterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypercalcemia associated with granulomatous disease in dogs can present a diagnostic challenge. HYPOTHESIS/

objectivesExcessive endogenous, extrarenal calcitriol production is a potential mechanism of ionized hypercalcemia in dogs with granulomatous skin conditions. ANIMALS: Hypercalcemic client-owned dogs (n = 7) with chronic skin disease seen in general and specialty practices with calcium profiles submitted to a university veterinary diagnostic laboratory by the attending clinician.

methodsDescriptive case series reporting clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcome of 7 hypercalcemic dogs with dermatopathies of varying etiology.

resultsPanniculitis was confirmed histologically in 5 dogs (idiopathic, n = 4; presumed bacterial, n = 1). The other 2 dogs had severe generalized demodicosis (n = 1) and demodectic/sarcoptic mange with superficial and deep pyoderma (n = 1). Initial testing showed clinically relevant parathyroid-independent ionized hypercalcemia, undetectable parathyroid hormone-related protein concentration, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration close to or below the lower reference limit in all dogs. Calcitriol concentration was above reference interval in 6 dogs at initial testing, and near the upper reference limit in 1 dog 29 days after presentation. In all cases, normalization of calcium and vitamin D homeostasis paralleled clinical improvement with appropriate therapy for the underlying skin condition. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Ionized hypercalcemia apparently mediated by excessive extrarenal calcitriol production can be seen in dogs with granulomatous skin disease. Calcitriol measurement should be included with other calcium-related testing in the workup of unexplained hypercalcemia with concurrent chronic skin disease.

Indexed as

CalcitriolDog DiseasesHypercalcemiaSkin DiseasesAnimalsCalciumChronic DiseaseDogsFemaleMaleMite InfestationsPanniculitisVitamin DCalcitriolCalciumVitamin Dcaninegranulomatousmangepanniculitispyodermavitamin D

Identifiers

PMID41812258
PMCPMC12978641

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.