Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41812214›Full record

ArticleBlood2026

Low- vs standard-dose regimens as induction for pediatric AML: a multicenter, randomized noninferiority trial.

Li Gao, Xiaowen Zhai, Ningling Wang, Ning Liao, Peifang Xiao, Fang Xu, Minghua Yang, Xueju Xu, Qi An, Jixia Luo and 18 more

Abstract readEquivalence TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Blood, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Li GaoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5743-8474
Xiaowen ZhaiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ningling WangDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Ning LiaoDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Peifang XiaoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Fang XuDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Minghua YangDepartment of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xueju XuDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Qi AnDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
Jixia LuoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Kaifeng Children's Hospital, Kaifeng, China.
Liangchun YangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xiaojun YuanDepartment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yunyan HeDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
Yong ZhuangDepartment of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
Hongsheng WangDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Linhai YangDepartment of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3999-0051
Weina ZhangDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4156-8332
Yufeng LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Jie LiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Hailong HeDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Yi WangDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Cheng ChengDepartment of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN.
Jun LuDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Hua JiangDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xiuli JuDepartment of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
Qian-Fei WangChina National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0086-2626
Raul C RibeiroDivision of Leukemia/Lymphoma, Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN.ORCID 0000-0002-9956-5647
Shaoyan HuDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-3386-6957

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

abstractIntensive chemotherapy is standard for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but carries high risks of life-threatening complications, particularly in vulnerable patients. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of a low-dose chemotherapy (LDC) regimen for induction of AML. A randomized, multicenter, noninferiority trial was conducted in patients with AML aged <18 years. Patients received low-dose cytarabine, mitoxantrone or idarubicin, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or standard-dose chemotherapy (SDC; cytarabine, daunomycin, and etoposide). All patients received postremission consolidation with standard chemotherapy and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The primary end point was to compare response rates between treatments. The secondary end points were to compare the outcomes, toxicity, and safety of the LDC and SDC regimens. The 2 treatment arms showed no significant differences in outcomes. Complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete count recovery rates after induction were 95.1% and 95.3% in the LDC and SDC arms, respectively. Measurable residual disease <0.1% after induction II was observed in 87.4% and 87.1% of patients in the LDC and SDC arms, respectively. Median time to neutrophil and platelet recovery was significantly shorter among patients receiving the LDC regimen. Patients in the LDC arm had a 4-year overall survival (OS) of 81.3% vs 83.6% (P = .611), and a 4-year event-free survival (EFS) of 61.5% vs 63.1% (P = .832). In conclusion, the LDC regimen was well tolerated, and was associated with CR, EFS, and OS rates that were not inferior to those of patients treated with the SDC regimen. The trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn as ChiCTR1800015883.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsInduction ChemotherapyLeukemia, Myeloid, AcuteAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCytarabineDaunorubicinEtoposideFemaleGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactorHumansIdarubicinInfantMaleMitoxantroneCytarabineDaunorubicinEtoposideGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating FactorIdarubicinMitoxantrone

Identifiers

PMID41812214
PMCPMC13389868

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.