Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41811685›Full record

ArticleEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2026

The association of caries prevalence and experience in relation with molar incisor hypomineralisation and its associated factors in Mexican schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study.

M Rivera, L Karakowsky, C E Medina-Solís, A P Pontigo-Loyola, D J Manton

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Article in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

M RiveraCentre for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. m.rivera.pacheco@umcg.nl.
L KarakowskyUniversidad Tecnológica de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
C E Medina-SolísUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.
A P Pontigo-LoyolaUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.
D J MantonCentre for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.

Funding

Nakao Foundation O/686595
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMolar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a prevalent developmental enamel defect and has been associated with increased caries experience.

aimTo determine caries experience and prevalence, and their relationship with the presence of MIH in schoolchildren from Pachuca, Mexico.

methodsA cross-sectional study including 714 randomly selected participants aged 6 to 13 years. Clinical examination was undertaken and carious lesions and MIH were classified according to ICDAS II and EAPD MIH-criteria, respectively. Questionnaires collected sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and health information.

resultsMean age was 8.8 ± 1.8 years; mean caries experience for cavitated lesions (ICDAS 5-6) was 2.1 ± 2.5 in primary dentition and 0.2 ± 0.7 in permanent dentition, resulting in a combined mean (dmft + DMFT) of 2.2 ± 2.6. Caries prevalence (ICDAS ≥ 2) was 78% in primary and 46.7% in permanent teeth. Eighty-eight children (12.3%) had MIH, of whom 54 (61.4%) had cavitated lesions (ICDAS 5-6) in permanent teeth, higher than in children without MIH (7%) (p = 0.0001). Mean caries experience (ICDAS 5-6) was significantly greater in the MIH group (1.25 ± 1.34) compared to the non-MIH group (0.10 ± 0.45; p = 0.0001). Variables statistically significantly associated with caries prevalence and experience included the child's age, oral hygiene, MIH presence and soy extract ingestion; and parental perception of the child's general appearance.

conclusionsSeveral variables, including MIH, child age, oral hygiene and soy extract ingestion, and parental perception of their child's general appearance, were associated with higher caries prevalence and experience.

Indexed as

Associated factorsCaries experienceCaries prevalenceMolar incisor hypomineralisation

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.