Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41811461›Full record

ReviewJournal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry2026

Lessons, connections, hypotheses and predictions from protein film electrochemistry.

Fraser A Armstrong

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Fraser A ArmstrongDepartment of Chemistry and St John's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3JP, UK. fraser.armstrong@chem.ox.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This extended essay describes the development of protein film electrochemistry (PFE) as a powerful suite of techniques for investigating how electron-transfer processes occurring in biological molecules are coupled to chemical reactions. Based on the author’s personal experiences, the article explores the wider picture through connections to related work and other scientific areas, as well as hypotheses and predictions. Extending far beyond its electrochemical origins and early expectations, PFE has reached a wide audience – across disciplines as diverse as electrochemistry, renewable energy, biological coordination chemistry, molecular catalysis, biocatalysis, molecular and cell biology, biotechnology and pharmacology. Much is owed to many researchers, from undergraduates to senior figures, with whom the author has worked alongside and been inspired by for more than 40 years.

Indexed as

Electrochemical TechniquesProteinsBiocatalysisElectrochemistryElectron TransportProteinsProtein film electrochemistry electron transfer electrocatalysis metalloenzymes

Identifiers

PMID41811461
PMCPMC13111528

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.