ArticleBehavioural neurology2026
The Burden of Epilepsy in Thailand: Estimating Societal Costs and Quality of Life.
Article in Behavioural neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Burden of Epilepsy in Thailand: Estimating Societal Costs and Quality of Life.Behavioural neurology · 2026Article
- Direct and Indirect Costs per Visit for Elderly Patients and Their Caretakers Receiving Complete Dentures in Health Region 9, Thailand.Health services insights · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEpilepsy imposes both economic and quality-of-life (QOL) burdens. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating the costs of illness and QOL in patients with epilepsy (PWE) and their caregivers and to examine the differences in costs and QOL across patient characteristics.
methodsThis prevalence-based cost-of-illness study was conducted from a societal perspective. Data were collected from patients who attended the Epilepsy Clinic at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, between April and August 2023. QOLs were assessed using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31) for PWE and the EuroQoL-5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) for caregivers. A generalized linear model was used to assess the differences in costs and QOL across patient and caregiver characteristics.
resultsA total of 214 subjects were enrolled in this study, comprising 129 PWE and 85 caregivers. The mean total cost of illness per outpatient visit was 452.27 PPP-USD, with 58.0% attributed to direct medical costs, 24.4% to direct nonmedical costs, and 17.6% to indirect costs. Direct medical costs differed significantly based on employment status (p value = 0.031) and seizure control (p value = 0.018). Direct nonmedical costs showed differences by residential distance (p value < 0.001). Indirect costs also showed differences by age (p value = 0.019) and residential distance (p value = 0.002). The lifetime productivity loss from unemployment reached 14638.37 PPP-USD per patient. The mean overall QOLIE-31 score was 74.04 points, and the mean EQ-5D-5L index was 0.90. There were differences in QOL based on age and seizure control in PWE, as well as age and unemployment status in caregivers.
conclusionDirect medical costs were the largest component of total costs. Cost differences were found across age, employment status, residential distance, and seizure control. QOL varied by age and seizure control in PWE and by age and unemployment status in caregivers.
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