Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41810361›Full record

ArticleFood chemistry: X2026

An efficient and clean extraction approach for hazelnut oil with high ceramide: Enhanced biological properties and abundant flavor complexity.

Fan Zhang, Lichen Zhang, Xujiao Zheng, Feng Qiao, Ruhui Liu, Wenna Ma, Yitong Hou, Yirun Zhou, Wenchuan Guo, Xinhua Zhu and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Food chemistry: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Fan ZhangCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Lichen ZhangCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Xujiao ZhengCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Feng QiaoCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Ruhui LiuCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Wenna MaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yitong HouCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Yirun ZhouCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Wenchuan GuoCollege of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
Xinhua ZhuCollege of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
Lisong LiangResearch Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
Xin LüCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Xin WangCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study optimized the extraction of hazelnut oil (HO) using subcritical water extraction (SWE), achieving a maximum yield of 42.80% under conditions of 210 °C, 30 min, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 g/mL. SWE-derived HO (SW-HO) was compared with commercial (P-HO), cold-pressed (CP-HO), and Soxhlet-extracted (S-HO) oils. All HO types contained over 92% unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), with SW-HO showing the highest contents of palmitoleic and oleic acids. SW-HO exhibited distinct caramelized flavor, which was attributed to abundant furans and pyrazines. Lipidomics revealed significantly higher ceramide (Cer) content in SW-HO, which demonstrated superior antioxidant activity and significantly enhanced RAW264.7 macrophage proliferation at 400 μg/mL. These findings suggest that SWE effectively produces high-quality HO with elevated bioactive components (Cer, total phenol, and UFAs), enhancing functional properties and sensory attributes. This work provides both technical and theoretical support for the functional preparation and development of HO.

Indexed as

Antioxidant activitiesBiological propertiesCeramideHazelnut oilPhysicochemical propertiesSubcritical water extraction

Identifiers

PMID41810361
PMCPMC12969307

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.