Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41810083›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of telemedicine and applications2026

Key Factors Associated With Nonuse of Telemedicine in Patients With Hypertension and/or Diabetes: Findings From the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey.

Sofa D Alfian, Meliana Griselda, Mochammad A A Pratama, Imam A Wicaksono, Raden M Febriyanti, Widya N Insani, Rizky Abdulah, Mahmathi Karuppannan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of telemedicine and applications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sofa D AlfianDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5419-8938
Meliana GriseldaCenter of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5303-0539
Mochammad A A PratamaCenter of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8437-260X
Imam A WicaksonoDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3793-5988
Raden M FebriyantiDepartment of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-3011
Widya N InsaniDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0066-9746
Rizky AbdulahDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia, unpad.ac.id.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-6421
Mahmathi KaruppannanDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6503-3191

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The Indonesian government has established a blueprint for health system digitalization aimed at improving health coverage. Despite the benefits of telemedicine services, its utilization remains low, and the factors associated with nonuse of telemedicine in Indonesia are not well understood. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of telemedicine use and to identify factors contributing to its nonuse among patients with hypertension and/or diabetes, particularly considering that these patients require long-term medication management and monitoring. Methods: This national cross-sectional study utilized data from the Indonesia Health Survey conducted in 2023, reflecting the postpandemic demographical conditions across 38 provinces in Indonesia. Telemedicine utilization and sociodemographic information were assessed based on a self-reported questionnaire. Logistic regression was performed to identify sociodemographic factors associated with nonuse of telemedicine. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results: This study involved 63,012 patients with diabetes and/or hypertension. Most of them were women (65.1%), married (78.3%), aged 55-64 years (30.9%). Nearly all the respondents (98.0%) had not used telemedicine. Factors associated with nonuse of telemedicine included being unmarried (OR = 1.40; 95 Conclusions: The usage of telemedicine among patients with hypertension and/or diabetes in Indonesia is low. Personalized approaches that consider patient-specific factors and integrate telemedicine more frequently into the healthcare system are essential to enhance telemedicine adoption among patients with hypertension and/or diabetes in Indonesia.

Indexed as

diabeteshypertensiontelemedicinethe Indonesian Health Surveyusability

Identifiers

PMID41810083
PMCPMC12967918

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.