ReviewTranslational andrology and urology2026
Tibial nerve stimulation for overactive bladder: a literature review of stimulation parameters.
Review in Translational andrology and urology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Erratum: Tibial nerve stimulation for overactive bladder: a literature review of stimulation parameters.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Article
- Case Report: Low-frequency tibial nerve stimulation: demonstrating a novel therapeutic option for Fowler's syndrome through a pilot case series.Frontiers in urology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Objective: Tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) has emerged as a promising therapeutic modality for overactive bladder (OAB). While the majority of existing research has concentrated on advancements in device technology or modifications in stimulation techniques, the specific stimulation parameters ("frequency", "threshold", "pulse width", "waveform") of TNS have not yet been comprehensively explored. This review aims to explore the stimulation parameters of TNS through retrospective analysis of clinical trials and animal experimental studies. Methods: A literature search was performed in PubMed on July 31, 2025. The initial screening of the studies was conducted by reviewing the titles and abstracts to identify relevant studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria based on parameters such as stimulation frequency, intensity, pulse width (PW), and waveform (WF) of the tibial nerve. Ultimately, we reviewed 44 articles that met the criteria. Key Content and Findings: The stimulation parameters include frequency, intensity, PW, WF, etc. However, the stimulation parameters have not yet been standardized. We summarized the influence of different stimulation parameters on therapeutic effects and explored the significance of parameter changes for the clinical application of TNS. Conclusions: TNS, as a promising treatment option for OAB, has broad clinical application prospects. By optimizing treatment parameters, it is expected to provide more effective and safer treatment options for patients with OAB.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.