ArticleBMC surgery2026
Combined extensile medial and sinus tarsi approaches for intra-articular calcaneus fractures: a case series.
Article in BMC surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of combining the extensile medial approach with the sinus tarsi approach for treating intra-articular calcaneus fractures.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 11 patients who underwent combined extensile medial and sinus tarsi approaches between January 2022 and July 2023. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic measurements of the calcaneus, including length, width, height, varus angle, Böhler’s angle, and Gissane’s angle were obtained. Functional outcomes were assessed at the final follow-up using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score.
resultsAll operations succeeded, and the anatomical structure and articular surface of the calcaneus were recovered, with mean operative time 171.5 ± 29.0 min, average bleeding 97.7 ± 47.1 mL. Imaging comparisons (postoperative and final follow-up vs. preoperative) demonstrated that significant improvements were observed in calcaneal length (p = 0.042), height (p = 0.0005), width (p < 0.001), and Böhler’s angle (p = 0.001) at final follow-up compared to preoperative values. No statistically significant difference was noted in Gissane’s angle (p = 0.113), while the varus angle showed significant correction (p < 0.001). Moreover, all imaging parameters were stable from the postoperative period to the final follow-up (p > 0.05). The mean AOFAS score at one year postoperatively was 91.3 ± 7.6, indicating excellent functional recovery.
conclusionThis study demonstrates that the extensile medial approach, when strategically combined with the sinus tarsi approach, provides superior direct visualization of the medial wall and subtalar joint articular surface. The technique effectively restores calcaneal morphology and achieves high functional scores, particularly in Sander’s type III/IV fractures. These findings support its consideration as an advanced option for managing challenging calcaneal fracture patterns.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.