Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41807690›Full record

ArticleCommunications biology2026

Cardiometabolic adaptations in the cave nectar bat Eonycteris spelaea.

Fan Yu, Akshamal M Gamage, Myu Mai Ja Kp, Randy Foo, Ying-Hsi Lin, Lijin Wang, Chee Jian Pua, Wharton O Y Chan, Gustavo E Crespo-Avilan, Edgar M Pena and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Fan YuNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Akshamal M GamageProgramme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Myu Mai Ja KpNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Randy FooProgramme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Ying-Hsi LinNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Lijin WangCentre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Chee Jian PuaNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Wharton O Y ChanProgramme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-470X
Gustavo E Crespo-AvilanNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2283-6434
Edgar M PenaSingHealth Experimental Medicine Centre and National Large Animal Research Facility, Singapore, Singapore.
Lewis Z HongParatus Sciences Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore.
Aditya IyerExcelra, NSL Arena, Uppal, Hyderabad, India.
Sujoy GhoshCentre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Elisa A LiehnNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Jean-Paul KovalikCardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Lin-Fa WangProgramme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2752-0535
Chrishan J RamachandraNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-3795
Derek J HausenloyNational Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. derek.hausenloy@duke-nus.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0729-4956

Funding

Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) IAF-PP H23J2a0033Ministry of Health -Singapore (MOH) MOH-001277-01MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC) MOH-STaR21jun-0003MOH | National Medical Research Council (NMRC) NMRC CG21APR1006National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore) NRF CRP25-2020RS-0001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bats are the only mammals capable of powered flight, a physiologically demanding process requiring substantial cardiac energy expenditure. Here, we investigate how hearts of the cave nectar bat Eonycteris spelaea are adapted to meet these extreme demands. Transcriptomic profiling reveals enriched signatures of oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism in bat hearts, distinct from mouse and human counterparts. Metabolomics analyses corroborate these findings, identifying distinct acylcarnitine profiles and elevated tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Anatomically, bats have relatively larger hearts with increased mitochondrial and vascular densities along with prominent perivascular adipocytes. Echocardiography reveals superior cardiac reserve in bats, with enhanced contractile responses under dobutamine stress. Notably, isolated bat cardiomyocytes resist angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction. These integrated adaptations likely support high-energy flight while preserving cardiac function under stress. Insights from bat cardiac physiology may provide valuable information on cardioprotective mechanisms with potential application across species.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalChiropteraEnergy MetabolismHeartMyocardiumAnimalsFatty AcidsGene Expression ProfilingMaleMetabolomicsMyocytes, CardiacOxidative PhosphorylationTranscriptomeFatty Acids

Identifiers

PMID41807690
PMCPMC13106829

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.