ArticleScientific reports2026
Diagnostic uncertainty of clinical T2 disease and its impact on treatment stratification in upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Occult pT2-4 disease and postoperative loss of full-dose cisplatin eligibility in CT-staged cT≤1/cN0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accurate clinical staging of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains challenging, and discrepancies between clinical and pathological T stages may result in missed opportunities for appropriate treatment. This study aimed to elucidate real-world discrepancies between clinical and pathological T staging in UTUC, emphasizing the diagnostic uncertainty associated with clinical T2 (cT2) disease. A retrospective analysis was conducted involving 739 patients with cTa–4N0M0 UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) at multiple institutions. Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy or had missing pathological T stage data were excluded. Discrepancies between clinical and pathological staging, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes were evaluated. Among 739 patients, substantial discrepancies between clinical and pathological T stages were observed, with an overall diagnostic concordance rate of 44.7%. Only 16% of cT2 cases were pathologically confirmed as pathological T2 (pT2), whereas most were either down-staged to ≤pT1 or up-staged to ≥pT3, indicating marked diagnostic uncertainty. Clinical heterogeneity within the cT2 group resulted in marked survival differences based on pathological stage, as pT3 patients had significantly worse outcomes than pT2 patients. Within the pT3 subgroup, lymphovascular invasion independently correlated with poor prognosis, whereas adjuvant therapy improved survival. However, only approximately one-third of patients with pT3 disease received adjuvant therapy, indicating a treatment gap in this high-risk population. This multicenter study identified real-world discrepancies between clinical and pathological staging in UTUC. cT2 disease represents a heterogeneous and diagnostically uncertain category, requiring careful interpretation for appropriate treatment planning.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.