Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41806300›Full record

ArticleClinical implant dentistry and related research2026

Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) 9 Outperforms BMP2 in Osteogenesis and Osseointegration: In Vitro and In Vivo.

Hee-Seung Han, Dong Woo Lee, Yu-Bin Kim, Sanghui Seok, Jeong Yeon Park, Sungtae Kim, Jue Yeon Lee, Yoon Jeong Park, Chong Pyung Chung, Young-Dan Cho

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical implant dentistry and related research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hee-Seung HanDepartment of Periodontology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6034-3246
Dong Woo LeeCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1143-3115
Yu-Bin KimCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3936-9253
Sanghui SeokCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0521-5561
Jeong Yeon ParkCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1229-8816
Sungtae KimDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6361-4104
Jue Yeon LeeCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4914-1862
Yoon Jeong ParkCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-817X
Chong Pyung ChungCentral Research Institute, Nano Intelligent Biomedical Engineering Corporation (NIBEC), Seoul, Korea.
Young-Dan ChoDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-5988

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1A6A1A03039462National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00349549Seoul National University
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study compared the osteogenic mechanisms and preclinical efficacy of bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and BMP2 in vitro and in a beagle peri-implant defect model in vivo. MATERIALS AND

methodsIn vitro, MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were treated with BMP2 or BMP9 to assess osteogenic gene expression (Col1, Runx2, Alp, Ocn) by real-time PCR, Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation by western blotting, and osteogenesis by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red S staining. In vivo, saddle-type peri-implant defects were created in beagle mandibles and treated with a collagenated xenograft matrix with or without BMP2 or BMP9 (150 μg/site). After 8 weeks, implant stability, micro-CT, histomorphometry, and osseointegration parameters were analyzed.

resultsBMP9 significantly enhanced osteogenic gene expression, Smad1/5/9 phosphorylation, ALP activity, and mineralization compared to BMP2. In vivo, BMP9 yielded the highest implant stability values, greater defect fill, and higher bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, and bone-to-implant contact.

conclusionsBMP9 showed stronger osteoinductive potential than BMP2, resulting in improved bone regeneration and osseointegration. These findings suggest that BMP9 is a promising growth factor for improving dental implant outcomes.

Indexed as

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2Growth Differentiation Factor 2OsseointegrationOsteogenesisAnimalsBlotting, WesternDental ImplantsDogsMiceReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionX-Ray MicrotomographyBone Morphogenetic Protein 2Dental ImplantsGrowth Differentiation Factor 2BMP2BMP9bone regenerationdental implantsosseointegration

Identifiers

PMID41806300
PMCPMC12974554

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.