Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41806120›Full record

ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2026

Adaptation to a Whole-Body Powered Exoskeleton: Human-Exoskeleton Coordination During Load-Handling Tasks.

Hanjun Park, Sunwook Kim, Maury A Nussbaum, Divya Srinivasan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hanjun ParkDepartment of Industrial, Manufacturing, and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0369-6413
Sunwook KimDepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-1781
Maury A NussbaumDepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1887-8431
Divya SrinivasanDepartment of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA. sriniv5@clemson.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9327-6177

Funding

Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation 1839946NIOSH CDC HHS T03 OH008613
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Whole-body powered exoskeletons can augment human performance and reduce physical strain in occupational settings, but little is known about how users adapt to these complex devices during practical work scenarios. We compared novice and experienced users during simulated, occupationally relevant load-handling tasks. Six novice users completed exoskeleton familiarization and stationary load-handling tasks in three sessions while five experienced users performed the tasks once. Task performance, biomechanical demands, and perceived workload were compared in each novice session vs. the experienced group. Novice performance improved substantially across sessions, with task completion time reduced by nearly 50% and movement jerk by 30%. However, performance gaps still persisted in session three, compared to the experienced users. Novices also used consistently lower angular velocities (up to 52% lower) and adopted greater hip flexion throughout the sessions. In contrast, differences in shoulder flexion, muscle activity, perceived exertion, and workload diminished more rapidly, with novices approaching experienced levels by session three. Novice users adapted to using a powered exoskeleton over multiple sessions, especially in movement patterns and muscle activation, but differences in task completion time, jerk index, and angular velocities indicated that novices did not attain the skilled coordination and efficiency of experienced users after three sessions. Our results highlight the likely need for extended familiarization and training for the current powered exoskeleton design and provide baseline data for the novice learning curve in occupational settings.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalExoskeleton DeviceAdultBiomechanical PhenomenaFemaleHumansMaleMuscle, SkeletalTask Performance and AnalysisWeight-BearingYoung AdultCognitive workloadElectromyographyKinematicsLearningMotor adaptation

Identifiers

PMID41806120
PMCPMC13522028

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.