Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41806069›Full record

ArticleNano-micro letters2026

Manipulating Interphase Chemistry by Endogenous Doping Toward High-Performance Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Hang Li, Yuan Zhou, Yutian Yang, Yining Chen, Yuying Zhang, Zhe Wang, Quan Zong, Guozhao Fang, Shuang Zhou, Anqiang Pan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nano-micro letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hang LiSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Yuan ZhouScience and Technology Project Service Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
Yutian YangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Yining ChenSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Yuying ZhangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Zhe WangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Quan ZongCollege of Materials and Chemistry, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Guozhao FangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Shuang ZhouSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China. zhoushuang2017@csu.edu.cn.
Anqiang PanSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China. pananqiang@csu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The practical of hard carbon (HC) anodes in sodium-ion batteries is primarily limited by their unsatisfactory initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), cycling stability and rate performance, which are closely related to their interphase chemistry and microstructure. Herein, a unique manipulating interphase chemistry strategy by endogenous N/S doping is proposed to simultaneously achieve the both issues. Specifically, a series of reducing sugars and amino acid have been proven to trigger the Maillard reaction, thereby enabling endogenous N/S doping and microstructural design for HC anodes. Endogenous doping facilitates the formation of an inorganic-enriched solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on cycled HC, which can effectively accelerate ion transport kinetics and reduce side effects for enhanced rate, ICE, cycling performance and reversible capacity. Meanwhile, the increase in the number of closed pores boosts both the platform capacity and cycling stability of HC. Consequently, the features HC anodes demonstrate a splendid reversible capacity (363 mAh g

Indexed as

Endogenous dopingHard carbonMaillard reactionMicropore structureSodium-ion batteriesSolid–electrolyte interface layer

Identifiers

PMID41806069
PMCPMC12976286

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.