ArticleJournal of oral rehabilitation2026
Assessing the Adaptive/Maladaptive Strategies of Mastication in Older Taiwanese Individuals Using the Masticatory Adaptation Experience Questionnaire (MAEQ).
Article in Journal of oral rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThere are various tests to assess the individual performance of mastication. However, it has remained unknown how individuals used adaptive (e.g., 'increasing time to chew') and maladaptive (e.g., 'avoiding eating the food') strategies to chew and whether aging/cognitive impairment plays a key role in the use of these strategies during eating.
objectiveThe study aims to develop the Masticatory Adaptation Experience Questionnaire (MAEQ) and investigate age-related factors of masticatory adaptation.
methodsThe study consists of two subsets: Set 1 included 125 healthy younger (YA, 20-50 years) and older (OA, over 50 years) adults, and Set 2 included 40 older patients with cognitive impairment (CI). Based on Set 1, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and content and criterion-related validity were assessed. Eating difficulty was assessed using a food-specific questionnaire. The MAEQ mean score and scores for each adaptive/maladaptive strategy were compared between YAs and OAs, as well as between CIs and OAs.
resultsThe MAEQ, a questionnaire assessing the frequency of using adaptive/maladaptive strategies to eat, shows good reliability and validity in older adults. Compared to young adults, older adults used multiple adaptive and maladaptive strategies concurrently when they had greater eating difficulty. In contrast, cognitively-impaired patients maladaptively avoid eating foods when having greater eating difficulty.
conclusionThe MAEQ is a valid tool for assessing the use of adaptive/maladaptive strategies during mastication in older individuals. Age and cognitive impairment may play a key role in the use of the strategies.
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