Observational studyNursing open2026
Spirituality and Happiness in Haemodialysis Patients: The Mediating Roles of Life Attitude and Posttraumatic Growth.
Observational study in Nursing open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06098924 (The Impacts of Spiritual Health on Depression and Happiness Among Hemodialysis Patients), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The Impacts of Spiritual Health on Depression and Happiness Among Hemodialysis Patients: the Moderator Effects of Life-meaning and Post-trauma Growth
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6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo examine the relationships among spirituality, happiness, life attitude and posttraumatic growth in haemodialysis patients, and to test whether life attitude and posttraumatic growth acted as potential mediators in the association between spirituality and happiness.
designA cross-sectional correlational study.
methodsWe recruited 299 maintenance haemodialysis patients from nine dialysis clinics in Taiwan using convenience sampling. Participants completed validated self-report questionnaires measuring spirituality, happiness, life attitude and posttraumatic growth. Pearson's correlation coefficients and mediation analyses using the PROCESS 4.2 macro for SPSS were conducted to test associations and mediating effects.
resultsThe mean age of participants was 60.90 years (SD = 12.39), and the average duration of haemodialysis was 5.32 years (SD = 5.30). Spirituality was significantly positively correlated with happiness, life attitude, and posttraumatic growth (r = 0.571, 0.643 and 0.473; all p < 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed a significant total effect of spirituality on happiness (B = 0.196, 95% CI [0.164, 0.228]) and a direct effect (B = 0.060, 95% CI [0.024, 0.096]). Life attitude and posttraumatic growth significantly mediated this relationship (B = 0.082, 95% CI [0.055, 0.110]) and (B = 0.054, 95% CI [0.035, 0.075]), respectively.
conclusionsSpirituality is associated with higher happiness in haemodialysis patients, and this pattern was consistent with potential indirect pathways via positive life attitudes and promoting posttraumatic growth. These findings offer insight into the psychological mechanisms linking spirituality and well-being in chronically ill patients. IMPACT: Integrating spiritual assessment and tailored interventions into clinical care may be relevant for psychological well-being and overall quality of life in this population. This highlights the importance of addressing spiritual dimensions in chronic care settings. REPORTING
methodStudy methods and results were reported in accordance with the STROBE checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06098924.
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