ArticleCureus2026
Frequency of Anemia in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF).
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease remains a major health burden in Pakistan, with heart failure (HF) contributing substantially to morbidity. Anemia is a common yet underrecognized comorbidity in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
objectiveThe primary objective of this study is to determine the frequency of anemia in patients with HFpEF METHODOLOGY: From June to December 2024, a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Liaquat National Hospital, involving patients diagnosed with HFpEF. Participants were recruited through purposive non-probability sampling from the tertiary heart failure inpatient department. Data of various clinical and demographic variables were systematically recorded using a pre-designed proforma.
resultsAmong 102 HFpEF patients, the mean age was 67.38 ± 8.99 years. Female patients comprised 58.8% (n = 60), while male patients accounted for 41.2% (n = 42). Anemia was detected in 76% (n = 72) of the population. Diabetes mellitus was present in 57.8% (n = 59) and hypertension in 84.3% (n = 86) of participants. Within the anemic subgroup (n = 78), 75% (n = 59) were elderly, and female patients represented the majority, indicating a gender- and age-linked predisposition. Conclusion
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